{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T15:20:38Z","timestamp":1785943238356,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to evaluate real-world clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for bladder cancer in Japan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with bladder cancer treated with definitive CRT between 2010 and 2023 at seven Japanese institutions were retrospectively analyzed. Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan\u2013Meier method, whereas cause-specific survival (CSS) and bladder preservation were analyzed using competing risk methods. Univariable analyses were performed using the log-rank and Gray\u2019s tests, and multivariable analyses were performed using Cox and Fine-Gray models with Bayesian Information Criterion-based stepwise selection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 175 patients were included. Maximal transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TUR-Bt) was performed in 55% of patients, and 49% were deemed ineligible for radical cystectomy (RC). The 5-year OS, CSS, and bladder preservation rate were 52% (95% CI, 42\u201360%), 73% (95% CI, 66\u201380%), and 69% (95% CI, 61\u201377%), respectively. In multivariable analyses, poorer performance status remained associated with worse OS (P\u00a0=\u00a0.003), whereas advanced clinical T stage was associated with worse CSS (P\u00a0=\u00a0.018) and maximal TUR-Bt was associated with improved bladder preservation (P\u00a0=\u00a0.024). Although patients ineligible for RC demonstrated inferior OS (P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001) and CSS (P\u00a0=\u00a0.007) in univariable analyses, bladder preservation was comparable to those treated by patient preference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multi-institutional retrospective study demonstrates acceptable real-world outcomes of definitive CRT for bladder cancer in Japan. Patient-related factors influenced OS, whereas tumor burden and local tumor control were associated with CSS and bladder preservation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyag063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T11:45:50Z","timestamp":1775043950000},"page":"984-992","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Real-world outcomes of definitive chemoradiotherapy for bladder cancer: a multi-institutional retrospective study in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Daichi","family":"Sugahara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital ,113-8655, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiko Nemoto","family":"Murofushi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital , 113-8677, 3-18-22, Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9394-9490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideomi","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital ,113-8655, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4909-0217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Etsuyo","family":"Ogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Center, Kurume University , 830-0011, 67, Asahi-cho, Kurume, Fukuoka ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4840-8481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koyo","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Iwate Medical University Hospital , 028-3695, 2-1-1, Idai-dori, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anneyuko I","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital , 279-0021, 2-1-1, Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Komiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi , 409-3898, 1110, Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7668-1506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobuki","family":"Imano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Hiroshima University Hospital , 734-8551, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6307-6916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ataru","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Data Science, Yokohama City University School of Medicine , 236-0027, 22-2, Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Kanagawa ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayaka","family":"Ohno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Data Science, Yokohama City University School of Medicine , 236-0027, 22-2, Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Kanagawa ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3512-1166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Onishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi , 409-3898, 1110, Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 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