{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T04:56:00Z","timestamp":1791953760200,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The recruitment of neutrophils to the infected airway occurs early following respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, and high numbers of activated neutrophils in the airway and blood are associated with the development of severe disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether trans-epithelial migration is sufficient and necessary for neutrophil activation during RSV infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Here, we used flow cytometry and novel live-cell fluorescent microscopy to track neutrophil movement during trans-epithelial migration and measure the expression of key activation markers in a human model of RSV infection. We found that when migration occurred, neutrophil expression of CD11b, CD62L, CD64, NE, and MPO increased. However, the same increase did not occur on basolateral neutrophils when neutrophils were prevented from migrating, suggesting that activated neutrophils reverse migrate from the airway to the bloodstream side, as has been suggested by clinical observations. We then combined our findings with the temporal and spatial profiling and suggest 3 initial phases of neutrophil recruitment and behavior in the airways during RSV infection; (1) initial chemotaxis; (2) neutrophil activation and reverse migration; and (3) amplified chemotaxis and clustering, all of which occur within 20 min. This work and the novel outputs could be used to develop therapeutics and provide new insight into how neutrophil activation and a dysregulated neutrophil response to RSV mediates disease severity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiad011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T22:51:07Z","timestamp":1675291867000},"page":"354-364","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Trans-epithelial migration is essential for neutrophil activation during RSV infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Robinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N1EH , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny Amanda","family":"Herbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N1EH , United Kingdom"},{"name":"School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester , Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Machaela","family":"Palor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N1EH , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luo","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N1EH , United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400014 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isobel","family":"Larken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N1EH , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alisha","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N1EH , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dale","family":"Moulding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N1EH , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Cortina-Borja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N1EH , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalind Louise","family":"Smyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N1EH , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8913-0009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire Mary","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health , 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N1EH , United 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