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To enhance the therapeutic effect, it is vital to discover a mix of several therapy approaches. Immune cell function is inhibited by abnormal tumor vessels and the tumor microenvironment, which block lymphocyte entry into tumor tissue. To increase the effectiveness of CIK cells\u2019 antitumor activity, antivascular therapy and CIK cell therapy can be combined. Furthermore, anlotinib is a tiny drug with multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors that can block cell migration, delay angiogenesis, and decrease blood vessel density. Compared with other antiangiogenesis drugs, anlotinib stands out due to the wider target of action and lower effective dose. In this work, anlotinib and murine CIK cells were coupled to boost CD3+ T cell infiltration, CD3+CD4+ T cell infiltration, and expression of granzyme B and interferon \u03b3 from CD3+CD8+ T cells, which increased the antitumor activity. Through the generation of cytotoxic cytokines by T lymphocytes, the therapeutic group using anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies in conjunction with anlotinib and CIK cells was more successful than the group receiving dual therapy. The preclinical study contributes to exploring the therapeutic alternatives for patients with lung adenocarcinoma, thus prolonging their lives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiae037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T16:33:32Z","timestamp":1708360412000},"page":"544-554","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Anlotinib and anti-PD-1 mAbs perfected CIK cell therapy for lung adenocarcinoma in preclinical trials"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Yingge","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer , Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060 , China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy , Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060 , China"},{"name":"Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer , Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060 , 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and Hospital , Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060 , China"},{"name":"Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem , Yuexin Road, Binhai New District, Tianjin, 300060 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaochuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer , Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060 , China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy , Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060 , China"},{"name":"Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer , Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060 , China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy , Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060 , China"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital , Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060 , 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