{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:24:44Z","timestamp":1792103084016,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01AI148104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01AI148104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19AI125357"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI125357"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100024065","name":"OM Pharma SA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100024065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007899","name":"University of Arizona","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007899","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The nexus between eosinophils and microbes is attracting increasing attention. We previously showed that airway administration of sterile microbial products contained in dust collected from traditional dairy farms virtually abrogated bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) eosinophilia and other cardinal asthma phenotypes in allergen-sensitized specific pathogen\u2013free (SPF) mice. Interestingly, comparable inhibition of allergen-induced BAL eosinophilia and promotion of airway barrier integrity were found upon administration of a sterile, pharmacological-grade bacterial lysate, OM-85, to the airway compartment of allergen-sensitized SPF mice. Here, we asked whether intrinsic properties of airway-delivered microbial products were sufficient to inhibit allergic lung inflammation or whether these effects were mediated by reprogramming of the host microbiota. We compared germ-free (GF) mice and offspring of GF mice associated with healthy mouse gut microbiota and maintained under SPF conditions for multiple generations (Ex-GF mice). These mice were treated intranasally with OM-85 and evaluated in the ovalbumin and Alternaria models of allergic asthma focusing primarily on BAL eosinophilia. Levels of allergen-induced BAL eosinophilia were comparable in GF and conventionalized Ex-GF mice. Airway administration of the OM-85 bacterial lysate was sufficient to inhibit allergen-induced lung eosinophilia in both Ex-GF and GF mice, suggesting that host microbiota are not required for the protective effects of bacterial products in these models and local airway exposure to microbial products is an effective source of protection. OM-85\u2013dependent inhibition of BAL eosinophilia in GF mice was accompanied by suppression of lung type 2 cytokines and eosinophil-attracting chemokines, suggesting that OM-85 may work at least by decreasing eosinophil lung recruitment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiae047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T20:45:36Z","timestamp":1710276336000},"page":"392-397","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Administration of a bacterial lysate to the airway compartment is sufficient to inhibit allergen-induced lung eosinophilia in germ-free mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Ashley N","family":"Michael","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona , 1501 N. Campbell Avenue P.O. Box 245030, Tucson, AZ 85724 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oksana","family":"Pivniouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona , 1501 N. Campbell Avenue P.O. Box 245030, Tucson, AZ 85724 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peace C","family":"Ezeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona , 1501 N. Campbell Avenue P.O. Box 245030, Tucson, AZ 85724 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Banskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona , 1501 N. Campbell Avenue P.O. Box 245030, Tucson, AZ 85724 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seongmin","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona , 1501 N. Campbell Avenue P.O. Box 245030, Tucson, AZ 85724 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avery","family":"DeVries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona , 1501 N. Campbell Avenue P.O. Box 245030, Tucson, AZ 85724 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"O\u2019Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Animal Care, University of Arizona , BIO5 Institute, 1657 E Helen Street, Tucson, AZ 85721 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vadim","family":"Pivniouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona , 1501 N. Campbell Avenue P.O. Box 245030, Tucson, AZ 85724 , United States"},{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona , 1501 N. Campbell Avenue P.O. Box 245044, Tucson AZ 85724-5044 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5276-8976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donata","family":"Vercelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona , 1501 N. Campbell Avenue P.O. Box 245030, Tucson, AZ 85724 , United States"},{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona , 1501 N. Campbell Avenue P.O. Box 245044, Tucson AZ 85724-5044 , United States"},{"name":"BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona , 1657 E Helen Street, Tucson, AZ 85721 , United States"},{"name":"Arizona Center for the Biology of Complex Diseases, University of Arizona , BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024072520195468000_qiae047-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2023.101779","article-title":"From Amish farm dust to bacterial lysates: the long and winding road to protection from allergic disease","volume":"68","author":"Vercelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin 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