{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T10:53:47Z","timestamp":1793012027497,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01GM129633"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01GM129633"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R35GM118337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35GM118337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01AI170018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AI170018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated immune response to infection. Neutrophils act as first line of defense against infection, but their function can become impaired in sepsis. CD300 antigen-like family member d (CD300ld), predominantly expressed on neutrophils, associates with Fc receptor common gamma-chain (FcR\u03b3 chain), a component vital for phagocytosis. In this study, we investigated the role of CD300ld in neutrophil phagocytosis. Our results demonstrate a marked decrease in CD300ld expression on neutrophils isolated from both septic mice and patients. CD300ld was positively correlated with bacterial phagocytosis in neutrophils. The transcriptomic analysis of CD300ld knock-out neutrophils revealed a downregulation of genes related to defense response to bacteria, suggesting that CD300ld is a key modulator of bacterial clearance. Stimulation of CD300ld with an agonist antibody in neutrophils led to the activation of Rac2, a key regulator of actin polymerization, facilitating the enhanced phagocytosis. Furthermore, CD300ld activation significantly enhanced the in vitro phagocytosis of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by neutrophils. Septic mice adoptively transferred with CD300ld-activated neutrophils exhibited markedly reduced bacterial loads in the blood and peritoneum, decreased inflammatory cytokine levels, and alleviated organ injury. These findings highlight the critical role of CD300ld signaling in neutrophil-mediated bacterial clearance in sepsis and provide a solid foundation for future research aimed at developing novel immunotherapies against this deadly disease condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiaf063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T09:15:08Z","timestamp":1747386908000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["CD300ld promotes neutrophil bacterial phagocytosis in sepsis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Akama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research , 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Murao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research , 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monowar","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research , 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 , United States"},{"name":"Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra\/Northwell , 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY 11549 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1557-0394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research , 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 , United States"},{"name":"Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra\/Northwell , 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY 11549 , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","article-title":"The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3)","volume":"315","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32989-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990-2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"395","author":"Rudd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0","article-title":"Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis","volume":"399","author":"Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2008.03737.x","article-title":"Prognostic value of phagocytic activity of neutrophils and monocytes in sepsis. Correlation to CD64 and CD14 antigen expression: CD64 expression and phagocytosis on sepsis","volume":"154","author":"Danikas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI89531","article-title":"Dendritic cells expressing immunoreceptor CD300f are critical for controlling chronic gut inflammation","volume":"127","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01849-15","article-title":"The phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine receptor CD300a binds dengue virus and enhances infection","volume":"90","author":"Carnec","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107373","article-title":"CD300a and CD300f molecules regulate the function of leukocytes","volume":"93","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06511-9","article-title":"CD300ld on neutrophils is required for tumour-driven immune suppression","volume":"621","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-09-435057","article-title":"The CD300 molecules: an emerging family of regulators of the immune system","volume":"121","author":"Borrego","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201847951","article-title":"CD300 receptor family in viral infections","volume":"49","author":"Vitall\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxl083","article-title":"CMRF-35-like molecule-5 constitutes novel paired receptors, with CMRF-35-like molecule-1, to transduce activation signal upon association with FcR\u03b3","volume":"18","author":"Fujimoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int Immunol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2009.02.003","article-title":"The CD300 family of molecules are evolutionarily significant regulators of leukocyte functions","volume":"30","author":"Clark","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17997","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M701100200","article-title":"Functional analysis of activating receptor LMIR4 as a counterpart of inhibitory receptor LMIR3","volume":"282","author":"Izawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2765","article-title":"The SYK tyrosine kinase: a crucial player in diverse biological functions","volume":"10","author":"M\u00f3csai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12455","article-title":"Tyrosine kinase signaling pathways in neutrophils","volume":"273","author":"Futosi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11480","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11915-5","article-title":"Syk-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of 3BP2 is required for optimal FcR\u03b3-mediated phagocytosis and chemokine expression in U937 cells","volume":"7","author":"Chihara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.214","article-title":"Immunodesign of experimental sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture","volume":"4","author":"Rittirsch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Protoc."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-024-01165-7","article-title":"Neutrophils disrupt B-1a cell homeostasis by targeting Siglec-G to exacerbate sepsis","volume":"21","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2009-0210st","article-title":"An official American Thoracic Society workshop report: features and measurements of experimental acute lung injury in animals","volume":"44","author":"Matute-Bello","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2019.105681","article-title":"Automated image analysis with ImageJ of yeast colony forming units from cannabis flowers","volume":"164","author":"Stolze","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B21","unstructured":"Hiraoka Y, et al \u00a0ikra: RNAseq pipeline centered on Salmon. Zenodo; 2019. 10.5281\/ZENODO.3352573"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B22","unstructured":"Krueger F, James F, Ewels P, Afyounian E, Schuster-Boeckler B. FelixKrueger\/TrimGalore: v0.6.7 - DOI via Zenodo. Zenodo; 2021. 10.5281\/ZENODO.5127899"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.14806\/ej.17.1.200","article-title":"Cutadapt removes adapter sequences from high-throughput sequencing reads","volume":"17","author":"Martin","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBnet J."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4197","article-title":"Salmon provides fast and bias-aware quantification of transcript expression","volume":"14","author":"Patro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Methods."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-018-2486-6","article-title":"iDEP: an integrated web application for differential expression and pathway analysis of RNA-Seq data","volume":"19","author":"Ge","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2007.04.011","article-title":"Activation of neutrophils by a novel triggering immunoglobulin-like receptor MAIR-IV","volume":"45","author":"Nakano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Immunol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiad088","article-title":"Recombinant GM-CSF enhances the bactericidal ability of PMNs by increasing intracellular IL-1\u03b2 and improves the prognosis of secondary Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in sepsis","volume":"114","author":"Tu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-013-0637-9","article-title":"IL6 trans-signaling promotes functional recovery of hypofunctional phagocytes through STAT3 activation during peritonitis","volume":"62","author":"Onogawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inflammation Res"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e584","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003017","article-title":"Interleukin-34 ameliorates survival and bacterial clearance in polymicrobial sepsis","volume":"46","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5076","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23095076","article-title":"The impact of cytokines on neutrophils' phagocytosis and NET formation during sepsis-A review","volume":"23","author":"Gierlikowska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00719-3","article-title":"Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: an immunotarget for sepsis and COVID-19","volume":"18","author":"Mu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9682","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.279224","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of CD300d, a novel member of the human CD300 family of immune receptors","volume":"287","author":"Comas-Casellas","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4232","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.037168","article-title":"Fcgamma receptor cross-linking stimulates cell proliferation of macrophages via the ERK pathway","volume":"285","author":"Luo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1159\/000350523","article-title":"CD300c is an activating receptor expressed on human monocytes","volume":"5","author":"Simhadri","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Innate Immun."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3793","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA117.000696","article-title":"The CD300e molecule in mice is an immune-activating receptor","volume":"293","author":"Isobe","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-811X-8-23","article-title":"Rac and Rho GTPases in cancer cell motility control","volume":"8","author":"Parri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(04)00003-0","article-title":"Rho and Rac take center stage","volume":"116","author":"Burridge","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3509","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e03-11-0847","article-title":"Cdc42, Rac1, and Rac2 display distinct patterns of activation during phagocytosis","volume":"15","author":"Hoppe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200705122","article-title":"Rac1 and Rac2 differentially regulate actin free barbed end formation downstream of the fMLP receptor","volume":"179","author":"Sun","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cell Biol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12212","article-title":"Phagocytosis: receptors, signal integration, and the cytoskeleton","volume":"262","author":"Freeman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2005.07.005","article-title":"The role of Rac1 and Rac2 in bacterial killing","volume":"235","author":"Koh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell Immunol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3946320221133018","DOI":"10.1177\/03946320221133018","article-title":"Syk promotes phagocytosis by inducing reactive oxygen species generation and suppressing SOCS1 in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses","volume":"36","author":"Yi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0205091","article-title":"Phosphoinositide3-kinase regulates actin polymerization during delayed phagocytosis of Helicobacter pylori","volume":"78","author":"Allen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1126\/science.296.5573.1655","article-title":"The phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway","volume":"296","author":"Cantley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-04-1251","article-title":"Regulation of Akt-dependent cell survival by Syk and Rac","volume":"101","author":"Jiang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2005.02.002","article-title":"Src and Syk kinases: key regulators of phagocytic cell activation","volume":"26","author":"Berton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/s0014-5793(03)00454-x","article-title":"Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent activation of Rac","volume":"546","author":"Welch","year":"2003","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/s0962-8924(00)01841-9","article-title":"Leukocytes navigate by compass: roles of PI3Kgamma and its lipid products","volume":"10","author":"Rickert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3483","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101549","article-title":"Cutting edge: mouse CD300f (CMRF-35-like molecule-1) recognizes outer membrane-exposed phosphatidylserine and can promote phagocytosis","volume":"187","author":"Choi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000509","article-title":"Circulating microparticles, blood cells, and endothelium induce procoagulant activity in sepsis through phosphatidylserine exposure","volume":"45","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13173","article-title":"The formation and function of the neutrophil phagosome","volume":"314","author":"Naish","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-12-401133","article-title":"Endocytosis of soluble immune complexes leads to their clearance by Fc\u03b3RIIIB but induces neutrophil extracellular traps via Fc\u03b3RIIA in vivo","volume":"120","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2257.2004.00599.x","article-title":"A standardized procedure for quantitation of CD11b on polymorphonuclear neutrophil by flow cytometry: potential application in infectious diseases","volume":"26","author":"Latger-Cannard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Lab Haematol."},{"key":"2025053009164790100_qiaf063-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059686","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.1059686","article-title":"Early mechanisms of neutrophil activation and transmigration in acute lung injury","volume":"13","author":"Cagle","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Physiol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Leukocyte Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jleuko\/qiaf063\/63203628\/qiaf063.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/117\/5\/qiaf063\/63203628\/qiaf063.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/117\/5\/qiaf063\/63203628\/qiaf063.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T13:16:52Z","timestamp":1748611012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jleuko\/qiaf063\/8133556"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jleuko\/qiaf063","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-3673"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-3673","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"article-number":"qiaf063"}}