{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T16:23:04Z","timestamp":1787674984301,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"SECIHTI","award":["CF2019 1727995"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF2019 1727995"]}]},{"name":"SECIHTI","award":["960641"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["960641"]}]},{"name":"SECIHTI","award":["1136695"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1136695"]}]},{"name":"SECIHTI","award":["BP-PM-20250513122652290-11414813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BP-PM-20250513122652290-11414813"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Premature birth and cesarean section are associated with increased morbidity and inflammatory diseases. However, their impact on neonatal immunity remains incompletely defined. To explore how gestational age and mode of delivery contribute to early immune programming, we analyzed CD4+ T cells, central regulators of adaptive responses, from preterm neonates and full-term neonates born by cesarean section or vaginal delivery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We performed transcriptomic profiling (mRNA-seq) and functional assessment of T cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production following stimulation. The mode of delivery emerged as a key factor for CD4+ T cell transcriptome and function. CD4+ T cells from full-term neonates born by vaginal delivery exhibited an immune activation signature, produced higher levels of multiple cytokines, and showed reduced proliferative capacity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In contrast, prematurity was associated with modest changes in basal gene expression relative to full-term cesarean section neonates. CD4+ T cells from preterm neonates displayed enhanced proliferation and increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines (IL-13, TNF\u03b1, IL-6, and IL-17F) upon stimulation, consistent with heightened responsiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Collectively, our findings show that CD4+ T cells from preterm neonates exhibit augmented inflammatory potential, which becomes more regulated at term. Mode of delivery further contributes to this developmental trajectory: cesarean section is associated with a restrained functional profile, whereas vaginal delivery is associated with a mild immune activation signature and increased responsiveness. These results support a model in which neonatal CD4+ T cell trajectories are established during fetal life and further modulated at birth, highlighting the layered influence of perinatal factors on immune development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiag105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T11:11:45Z","timestamp":1785323505000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Premature birth and Cesarean section are associated with significant differences in neonatal CD4+ T cell gene expression and function"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Carlos Jes\u00fas","family":"Ventura-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda Celular y de Sistemas, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Din\u00e1mica Celular, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos. Avenida Universidad 1001 , Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209 ,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0024-6345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda Aimara","family":"Kempis-Calanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda Celular y de Sistemas, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Din\u00e1mica Celular, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos. Avenida Universidad 1001 , Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209 ,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Mijares-Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda Celular y de Sistemas, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Din\u00e1mica Celular, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos. Avenida Universidad 1001 , Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209 ,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4490-8929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandra","family":"Cedillo-Ba\u00f1os","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda Celular y de Sistemas, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Din\u00e1mica Celular, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos. Avenida Universidad 1001 , Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209 ,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid Yaritzit","family":"Carre\u00f3n-Cort\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda Celular y de Sistemas, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Din\u00e1mica Celular, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos. Avenida Universidad 1001 , Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209 ,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3257-5445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darely","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Reyna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica del Desarrollo y Fisiolog\u00eda Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico , Avenida Universidad 2001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210 ,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7736-8634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephania","family":"V\u00e1zquez-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunobioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatolog\u00eda Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Montes Urales 800 , Montes, Lomas de Virreyes, Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 11000 ,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Addy Cecilia","family":"Helguera-Repetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunobioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatolog\u00eda Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Montes Urales 800 , Montes, Lomas de Virreyes, Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 11000 ,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudine","family":"Irles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM UMR 1349 , 74 rue Marcel Cachin, Bobigny Cedex 93017 ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"SIMHEL, UFR SMBH, Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Paris Nord , 74 rue Marcel Cachin, Bobigny Cedex 93017 ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8101-7108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Spicuglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, TAGC, UMR1090 , Avenue de Luminy 163, Marseille 13009 ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Equipe Lab\u00e9lis\u00e9e LIGUE contre le Cancer , Avenue de Luminy 163, Marseille 13009 ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8715-4405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Otoniel","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda Celular y de Sistemas, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Din\u00e1mica Celular, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos. Avenida Universidad 1001 , Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209 ,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Ang\u00e9lica","family":"Santana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda Celular y de Sistemas, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Din\u00e1mica Celular, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos. Avenida Universidad 1001 , Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209 ,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7150","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901481","article-title":"Neonatal innate TLR-mediated responses are distinct from those of adults","volume":"183","author":"Kollmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.10.014","article-title":"Innate immune function by toll-like receptors: distinct responses in newborns and the elderly","volume":"37","author":"Kollmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2005.10.027","article-title":"Impaired allogeneic activation and T-helper 1 differentiation of human cord blood naive CD4 T cells","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00393","article-title":"Unbalanced neonatal CD4+ T-cell immunity","volume":"5","author":"Debock","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1501297","article-title":"Direct TLR-2 costimulation unmasks the proinflammatory potential of neonatal CD4+ T cells","volume":"197","author":"Sinnott","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.10.056","article-title":"CD8+ T cells from human neonates are biased toward an innate immune response","volume":"17","author":"Galindo-Albarr\u00e1n","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiad162","article-title":"Neonatal CD4+T cells have a characteristic transcriptome and epigenome and respond to TCR stimulation with proliferation and yet a limited immune response","volume":"116","author":"Kempis-calanis","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12561","article-title":"Differences in H3K4me3 and chromatin accessibility contribute to altered T-cell receptor signaling in neonatal na\u00efve CD4 T cells","volume":"100","author":"Bermick","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2682","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202534","article-title":"Human neonatal naive CD4 + T cells have enhanced activation-dependent signaling regulated by the MicroRNA miR-181a","volume":"190","author":"Palin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18103\/mra.v11i1.3568","article-title":"Unique characteristics of neonatal T cells","volume":"11","author":"Kempis-Calanis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Res Arch"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057251399895","article-title":"The impact of excessive caesarean deliveries on gestational age at birth in Mexico: national-level trends, 2010\u20132023","volume":"21","author":"Lamadrid-Figueroa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Women (Abingdon)'s Health"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-12-S2-S6","article-title":"Neonatal mortality and coverage of essential newborn interventions 2010\u20132013: a prospective, population-based study from low-middle income countries","volume":"12","author":"Dhaded","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01266","article-title":"Preterm birth affects the risk of developing immune-mediated diseases","volume":"8","author":"Goedicke-Fritz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11918","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.11918","article-title":"Impact of mode of delivery on the survival rate of very low birth weight infants\u202f: a single-center experience","volume":"12","author":"Alqurashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.132","article-title":"Attenuated innate immune defenses in very premature neonates during the neonatal period","volume":"78","author":"Marchant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1086\/657143","article-title":"Profound lack of interleukin (IL)-12\/IL-23p40 in neonates born early in gestation is associated with an increased risk of sepsis","volume":"202","author":"Lavoie","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1420554","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1420554","article-title":"Regulatory T cell homing and activation is a signature of neonatal sepsis","volume":"15","author":"Sossou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1357483","article-title":"Role of innate T cells in necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900941","article-title":"Extremely preterm infants have significant alterations in their conventional T cell compartment during the first weeks of life","volume":"204","author":"Qazi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3002124","article-title":"Single-cell atlas of the human neonatal small intestine affected by necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"12","author":"Egozi","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.90943","article-title":"The vaginal immunoproteome for the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth: A retrospective longitudinal study","volume":"12","author":"Shaffer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900621","article-title":"Fetal T cell activation in the amniotic cavity during preterm labor: a potential mechanism for a subset of idiopathic preterm birth","volume":"203","author":"Gomez-Lopez","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2014.46","article-title":"Immune cells in term and preterm labor","volume":"11","author":"Gomez-Lopez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B24","volume-title":"The pathophysiology of spontaneous preterm birth: emerging mechanisms reviewed by the preterm birth international collaborative. Reproductive sciences","author":"Mikkelsen","year":"2026"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1274","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1274","article-title":"Global increased cesarean section rates and public health implications: a call to action","volume":"6","author":"Angolile","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14228102","article-title":"The rising global cesarean section rates and their impact on maternal and child health: a scoping review","volume":"14","author":"Thomaidi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.03.008","article-title":"Evolution of modern cesarean delivery: historic perspective and new challenges","volume":"233","author":"Jauniaux","year":"2026","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2019-213724","article-title":"Cesarean delivery is associated with higher risk of overweight in the offspring: within family analysis in the SUN cohort","volume":"74","author":"Mart\u00edn-Calvo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Commun Health"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1007\/s43657-022-00086-7","article-title":"RNA-sequencing reveals gene expression and pathway signatures in umbilical cord blood affected by birth delivery mode","volume":"3","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phenomics"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6250","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42750-5","article-title":"Common patterns of gene regulation associated with cesarean section and the development of islet autoimmunity\u2014indications of immune cell activation","volume":"9","author":"Laimighofer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0268103","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0268103","article-title":"Estimating the effect of cesarean delivery on long-term childhood health across two countries","volume":"17","author":"Keshet","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1093\/bfgp\/elw035","article-title":"Multi-perspective quality control of illumina RNA sequencing data analysis","volume":"16","author":"Sheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brief Funct Genomics"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu170","article-title":"Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for illumina sequence data","volume":"30","author":"Bolger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635","article-title":"STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-Seq aligner","volume":"29","author":"Dobin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1754","article-title":"Integrative genome viewer","volume":"29","author":"Robinson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu638","article-title":"HTSeq-A python framework to work with high-throughput sequencing data","volume":"31","author":"Anders","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-Seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xinn.2021.100141","article-title":"clusterProfiler 4.0: a universal enrichment tool for interpreting omics data","volume":"2","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Innovation"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"vbac016","DOI":"10.1093\/bioadv\/vbac016","article-title":"Decoupler: ensemble of computational methods to infer biological activities from omics data","volume":"2","author":"Badia-I-Mompel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioinform Adv."},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","article-title":"Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles","volume":"102","author":"Subramanian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac1000","article-title":"The STRING database in 2023\u202f: protein\u2013protein association networks and functional enrichment analyses for any sequenced genome of interest","volume":"51","author":"Szklarczyk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1239303","article-title":"Cytoscape\u202f: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks","volume":"13","author":"Shannon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.8b00702","article-title":"Cytoscape StringApp: network analysis and visualization of proteomics data","volume":"18","author":"Doncheva","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Proteome Res"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0332704","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0332704","article-title":"Molecular basis for the activation of the bitter taste receptor TAS2R14 by ritonavir","volume":"20","author":"Wen","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70232","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.70232","article-title":"Bitter taste receptors in bacterial infections and innate immunity","volume":"13","author":"Rudolph","year":"2025","journal-title":"Immun Inflamm Dis"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2015.03.018","article-title":"Simultaneous assessment of NF-\u03baB\/p65 phosphorylation and nuclear localization using imaging flow cytometry \u22c6","volume":"423","author":"Maguire","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4939","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.8.4939","article-title":"c-Jun is a JNK-independent coactivator of the PU.1 transcription factor","volume":"274","author":"Behre","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aar3641","article-title":"Cooperation between T cell receptor and toll-like receptor 5 signaling for CD4+ T cell activation","volume":"12","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Jorge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4608","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-05-1732","article-title":"Reduced expression of NFAT-associated genes in UCB versus adult CD4+ T lymphocytes during primary stimulation","volume":"102","author":"Kaminski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1632","article-title":"NFAT Proteins\u202f: key regulators of T-cell development and function","volume":"5","author":"Macian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3670","article-title":"Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) production is a signatory T cell effector function of human newborn infants","volume":"20","author":"Gibbons","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-0471-2","article-title":"Maternal and fetal T cells in term pregnancy and preterm labor","author":"Miller","year":"2020:17:7:693\u2013704","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6648","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-09-181156","article-title":"microRNA 184 regulates expression of NFAT1 in umbilical cord blood CD4+ T cells","volume":"113","author":"Weitzel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26890-9","article-title":"Cesarean section and the risk of allergic rhinitis in children\u202f: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2015.03.007","article-title":"Preterm cord blood CD4+ T cells exhibit increased IL-6 production in chorioamnionitis and decreased CD4+ T cells in bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"76","author":"Misra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1510","DOI":"10.1002\/cti2.1510","article-title":"Effects of extremely preterm birth on cytokine and chemokine responses induced by T-cell activation during infancy","volume":"13","author":"Govindaraj","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Transl Immunol"},{"key":"2026082511562594500_qiag105-B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2006.05.001","article-title":"Inflammation in preterm and term labour and delivery","volume":"11","author":"Romero","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Leukocyte Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jleuko\/qiag105\/70416357\/qiag105.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/118\/8\/qiag105\/70416357\/qiag105.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article-pdf\/118\/8\/qiag105\/70416357\/qiag105.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T15:56:35Z","timestamp":1787673395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jleuko\/qiag105\/8748563"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jleuko\/qiag105","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-3673"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-3673","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"article-number":"qiag105"}}