{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:55:41Z","timestamp":1790700941229,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TRR332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRR332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Intra-tumoral T-cell activity is required for effective antitumor immune responses and is partly regulated by tumor-associated neutrophils and macrophages. Here, we investigated the spatial context of neutrophil\/macrophage interactions with CD8+ T cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Using multiplex immunofluorescence staining of biopsy specimens from 14 patients, we analyzed neutrophils, macrophages, and CD8+ T cells within tumor nests and stromal compartments. All 3 cell types were enriched in the stroma. To characterize spatial immune niches, we defined regions enriched for each cell type and analyzed their overlap. CD8+ T cells showed spatial exclusion from neutrophils, whereas macrophages colocalized with CD8+ T cells. In regions enriched for both neutrophils and CD8+ T cells, neutrophils were associated with reduced CD8+ T-cell proliferation, potentially caused by contact-dependent suppression. These findings demonstrate that neutrophils and macrophages differentially shape CD8+ T-cell distribution and activity within the head and neck cancer microenvironment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiag122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T11:21:58Z","timestamp":1788780118000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tumor-associated neutrophils and macrophages differentially affect T-cell biology in the head and neck cancer tumor microenvironment"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5161-5254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Experimental and Translational Research, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5947-8733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Kasper-Virchow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Cancer Consortium, DKTK, Partner Site Essen-D\u00fcsseldorf , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1435-5195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hendrik","family":"Winkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Experimental and Translational Research, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0619-1404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten","family":"Bruderek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Experimental and Translational Research, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7854-9931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Pogorzelski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4213-0797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Deuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Theurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4420-9664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Cancer Consortium, DKTK, Partner Site Essen-D\u00fcsseldorf , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2720-0075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cornelius","family":"K\u00fcrten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2702-4163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven","family":"Brandau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Experimental and Translational Research, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen 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