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This pandemic has already left a trail of destruction, including enormous loss of life, a global economic slump, and widespread psychological damage. Despite assiduous world-wide endeavors, an effective cure for COVID-19 is still lacking. Surprisingly, infected neonates and children have relatively mild clinical manifestations and a much lower fatality rate than elderly adults. Recent studies have unambiguously demonstrated the vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from infected pregnant women to fetuses, which creates yet another challenge for disease prevention. In this review, we will summarize the molecular mechanism for entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells, the basis for the failure of the lungs and other organs in severe acute cases, and the evidence for congenital transmission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjab013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T12:21:54Z","timestamp":1614342114000},"page":"168-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Entry, egress and vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-<b>2<\/b>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070618044977100_mjab013-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.05.023","article-title":"Visualization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 invading the human placenta using electron microscopy","volume":"223","author":"Algarroba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. 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