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In this region, L. infantum is primarily transmitted by Lutzomyia longipalpis and Migonemyia migonei (Fran\u00e7a) (Diptera: Psychodidae) is considered a permissive vector. We evaluated the susceptibility of Lu. longipalpis and Mg. migonei to Beauveria bassiana and to Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) essential oil. A spore suspension of B. bassiana was prepared and sand flies divided into five groups: test 1 (107 spores\/ml of B. bassiana with E. globulus essential oil at 4 mg\/ml), test 2 (107 spores\/ml of B. bassiana), test 3 (E. globulus essential oil at 4 mg\/ml), positive control (cypermethrin 0.1%), and negative control (sterile distilled water). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on specimens from each group. A 50% reduction was recorded in the survival time of Lu. longipalpis in test 1 and 2, where hyphal adhesion and cuticle damage were observed by SEM. No significant differences in the survival time of Mg. migonei were found, probable due to the high mortality rate observed in the negative control group, which may be a result of the greater sensitivity of this species to laboratory conditions. The results obtained herein suggest that B. bassiana may be a potential biological control agent against Lu. longipalpis, the main vector of L. infantum in the Americas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjaa131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]],"date-time":"2020-07-02T09:55:19Z","timestamp":1593683719000},"page":"2025-2029","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["<i>Beauveria bassiana<\/i> (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) Reduces the Survival Time of <i>Lutzomyia longipalpis<\/i> (Diptera: Psychodidae), the Main Vector of the Visceral Leishmaniasis Agent in the Americas"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Luciana Aguiar","family":"Figueredo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafaela Lira Nogueira","family":"Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00e9bora Elienai de Oliveira","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Jos\u00e9","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Otranto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Cafarchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina C\u00e9lia Bressan Queiroz","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1496-6274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe","family":"Dantas-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinval Pinto","family":"Brand\u00e3o-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020120619080618800_CIT0001","first-page":"631","article-title":"The insecticidal activity of Eucalyptus globulus oil on the development of Musca domestica third stage larvae","volume":"35","author":"Abdel Halim","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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