{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T22:26:09Z","timestamp":1789424769497,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["303296\/2015-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303296\/2015-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88882.315727\/2019-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88882.315727\/2019-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Visceral leishmaniasis is spreading in Brazil where the main vector of its agent, Leishmania infantum Nicolle, 1908, is the Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz &amp; Neiva, 1912) species complex (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae), on which many of the activities of the visceral leishmaniasis surveillance program are based. However, there are areas where canine, and\/or human cases have been occurring without the presence of this species complex as in the western part of the Greater S\u00e3o Paulo Metropolitan region, where Embu das Artes municipality is situated. In this area, Pintomyia fischeri (Pinto, 1926) has been implicated as potential vector of Le. infantum but so far its natural infection with this parasite has not yet been ascertained. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the natural infection in sand flies of a CVL focus in Embu das Artes. The sand fly collections were undertaken with Shannon and CDC traps, monthly, between 1800 and 2100 hours from November 2018 to October 2019, inclusive. A total of 951 sand flies (457 males and 494 females), belonging to 10 species, were captured. Pintomyia fischeri was the predominant species (89.5%); of which 426 females were dissected and one of them (0.23%) was found to be harboring flagellates in its midgut. A sample of these flagellates was isolated in culture and characterized by a 234 base pair fragment of Leishmania heat-shock protein 70 gene (hsp70) and restriction fragment length polymorphism with Hae III restriction enzyme as Le. infantum. This finding reinforces previous evidence of Pi. fischeri as a vector of Le. infantum in foci of visceral leishmaniasis and highlights the importance of vector surveillance in areas where this species occurs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjaa199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T02:54:37Z","timestamp":1602557677000},"page":"830-836","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Detection of\n                    <i>Pintomyia fischeri<\/i>\n                    (Diptera: Psychodidae) With\n                    <i>Leishmania infantum<\/i>\n                    (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae) Promastigotes in a Focus of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2105-7941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fredy","family":"Galvis-Ovallos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, CEP, Cerqueira Cesar, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriele Eiko","family":"Ueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, CEP, Cerqueira Cesar, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella de Oliveira","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, CEP, Cerqueira Cesar, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria Casagrande","family":"Sarmento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Av. Ecologista de Jo\u00e3o de Oliveira Ramos de S\u00e1 336, CEP, Ch\u00e1caras Bartira, Embu das Artes, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Patologia de Mol\u00e9stias Infecciosas, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, CEP, Cerqueira Cesar, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Sandoval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Patologia de Mol\u00e9stias Infecciosas, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, CEP, Cerqueira Cesar, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1431-6829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tha\u00edse Yumie","family":"Tomokane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Patologia de Mol\u00e9stias Infecciosas, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, CEP, Cerqueira Cesar, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e2nia L\u00facia Ribeiro","family":"da Matta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Patologia de Mol\u00e9stias Infecciosas, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, CEP, Cerqueira Cesar, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcia Dalastra","family":"Laurenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Patologia de Mol\u00e9stias Infecciosas, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, CEP, Cerqueira Cesar, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunice Aparecida Bianchi","family":"Galati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, CEP, Cerqueira Cesar, S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021031215313123800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35671","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence","volume":"7","author":"Alvar","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021031215313123800_CIT0002","volume-title":"Observa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre a Biologia em Condi\u00e7\u00f5es Naturais, dos Fleb\u00f3tomos de S\u00e3o Paulo (Diptera: Psychodidae)","author":"Barretto","year":"1943"},{"key":"2021031215313123800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2010.03.009","article-title":"Natural Leishmania infantum infection in Migonemyia migonei (Fran\u00e7a, 1920) (Diptera:Psychodidae:Phlebotominae) the putative vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Pernambuco State, Brazil","volume":"116","author":"de Carvalho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"2021031215313123800_CIT0004","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fauna flebotom\u00ednea (Diptera, Psychodidae) em parques do Munic\u00edpio de S\u00e3o Paulo, estado de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil Phlebotomine fauna (Diptera, Psychodidae) in parks of the City of S\u00e3o Paulo, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","volume":"12","author":"Castelo","year":"2015","journal-title":"BEPA"},{"key":"2021031215313123800_CIT0005","author":"CVE - Centro de Vigil\u00e2ncia Epidemiol\u00f3gica.","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021031215313123800_CIT0006","author":"Climate-Data.Org.","year":"2019"},{"key":"2021031215313123800_CIT0007","first-page":"697","article-title":"Infec\u00e7\u00e3o natural do Phlebotomus longipalpis por leptomonas, provavelmente de Leishmania donovani, em foco de calazar, no Cear\u00e1","volume":"45","author":"Deane","year":"1954","journal-title":"Hospital (Rio de Janeiro)"},{"key":"2021031215313123800_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005401","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005401","article-title":"Experimental infection and transmission of Leishmania by Lutzomyia cruzi (Diptera: Psychodidae): aspects of the ecology of parasite-vector interactions","volume":"24","author":"De Oliveira","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"2021031215313123800_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-139","article-title":"Host-biting rate and susceptibility of some suspected vectors to Leishmania braziliensis","volume":"7","author":"Diniz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasite. 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