{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T14:10:38Z","timestamp":1765807838580,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009145","name":"Botswana International University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009145","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health and Wellness","award":["PPME 13\/18\/1 PS V (353)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPME 13\/18\/1 PS V (353)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The biophysical environment plays an important role in the spatio-temporal abundance and distribution of mosquitoes. This has implications for the spread of vectors and diseases they cause across diverse landscapes. Here, we assessed vector mosquito abundances in relation to large water bodies, from three malaria districts in a semi-arid environment. Furthermore, we explored thermal limits to activity of the dominant and most medically important malaria vector across malaria-endemic areas. Mosquitoes were trapped near permanent water bodies across different districts. Critical thermal limits (critical thermal-maxima and -minima) to activity of wild adults and 4th instar larvae Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) were assessed. Our results showed that Anopheles spp. dominate mosquito communities across all three districts, but that their numbers were far greater in Okavango than in other regions. At the Okavango sites, the numbers of Anopheles spp. decreased with distance from main water source. Anopheles spp. sampled in this region comprised Anopheles gambiae (Giles,1902) and Anopheles funestus (Giles, 1900) species complexes, with the former dominating in numbers. Thermal activity assays showed An. arabiensis females had wider thermal tolerance windows than males while larval thermal activity limits differed significantly across space. These results confirm that the Okavango district should be prioritized for vector control measures. Moreover, intervention strategies should consider recommendations for proximity effects to large water bodies, given the differential risk associated with distance from water. The wider thermal window on female vectors has implications for possible future malaria transmission and diverse habitat utilization under changing environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjaa221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T11:46:29Z","timestamp":1603799189000},"page":"682-691","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Disease Vector Relative Spatio-Temporal Abundances to Water Bodies and Thermal Fitness Across Malaria Endemic Semi-Arid Areas"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Mmabaledi","family":"Buxton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan J","family":"Wasserman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana"},{"name":"Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0395-4980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Casper","family":"Nyamukondiwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaridenv.2010.10.009","article-title":"Influence of soil, tree cover and large herbivores on field layer vegetation along a savanna landscape gradient in northern Botswana","volume":"75","author":"Aarrestad","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Arid Environ"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198570875.001.1","volume-title":"Thermal adaptation: A theoretical and empirical synthesis","author":"Angilletta","year":"2009"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ics.2004.07.038","article-title":"Thermal adaptation of maternal and embryonic phenotypes in a geographically widespread ectotherm","volume":"1275","author":"Angilletta","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. Congr"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.135665","article-title":"Desiccation tolerance in Anopheles coluzzii: the effects of spiracle size and cuticular hydrocarbons","volume":"219","author":"Arcaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.4081\/gh.2016.391","article-title":"Mosquito breeding site water temperature observations and simulations towards improved vector-borne disease models for Africa","volume":"11","author":"Asare","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geospat. Health"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/jvec.12292","article-title":"The influence of ecological factors on mosquito abundance and occurrence in Gal\u00e1pagos","volume":"43","author":"Asigau","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Vector Ecol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2012.09.013","article-title":"Household disposables as breeding habitats of dengue vectors: linking wastes and public health","volume":"33","author":"Banerjee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeog.2009.10.007","article-title":"Rainfall variability and trends in semi-arid Botswana: implications for climate change adaptation policy","volume":"30","author":"Batisani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Geogr"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1079\/BER2003259","article-title":"Effect of temperature on the development of the aquatic stages of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Diptera: Culicidae)","volume":"93","author":"Bayoh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull. Entomol. Res"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e79276","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079276","article-title":"The effect of temperature on Anopheles mosquito population dynamics and the potential for malaria transmission","volume":"8","author":"Beck-Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8026","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1105195108","article-title":"Drinking a hot blood meal elicits a protective heat shock response in mosquitoes","volume":"108","author":"Benoit","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-809665-9.10265-4","article-title":"Insects and climate change: Variable responses will lead to climate winners and losers,","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of the Anthropocene","author":"Black","year":"2018"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1038\/srep01300","article-title":"Implications of temperature variation for malaria parasite development across Africa","volume":"3","author":"Blanford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0014","first-page":"3","article-title":"Malaria reduces globally but rebounds across southern Africa","volume":"32","author":"Blumberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1890\/ES13-00009.1","article-title":"Hosts or habitats: What drives the spatial distribution of mosquitoes?","volume":"4","author":"Burkett-Cadena","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecosphere"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136952","article-title":"Cattle-induced eutrophication favours disease-vector mosquitoes","volume":"715","author":"Buxton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1890\/ES11-00088.1","article-title":"Climatic variability and landscape heterogeneity impact urban mosquito diversity and vector abundance and infection","volume":"2","author":"Chaves","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecosphere"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/jvec.12141","article-title":"Characteristics of Anopheles arabiensis larval habitats in Tubu village, Botswana","volume":"40","author":"Chirebvu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Vector Ecol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198515494.001.0001","volume-title":"Insect physiological ecology: Mechanisms and patterns","author":"Chown","year":"2004"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0020","first-page":"2531","article-title":"Phenotypic plasticity mediates climate change responses among invasive and indigenous arthropods","volume":"274","author":"Chown","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0489-3","article-title":"Temperature during larval development and adult maintenance influences the survival of Anopheles gambiae ss","volume":"7","author":"Christiansen-Jucht","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasite. Vector"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1603\/ME11077","article-title":"Dispersal of Culex mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from a wastewater treatment facility","volume":"49","author":"Ciota","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2017.02.006","article-title":"Mosquito assemblages associated with urban water bodies; implications for pest and public health threats","volume":"162","author":"Crocker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Landsc. Urban Plan"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjy043","article-title":"Nightly biting cycles of Anopheles species in rural northwestern Burkina Faso","volume":"55","author":"Dambach","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3390\/cli5030058","article-title":"Predicting impact of climate change on water temperature and dissolved oxygen in tropical rivers","volume":"5","author":"Danladi-Bello","year":"2017","journal-title":"Climate"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13987","article-title":"Signatures of aestivation and migration in Sahelian malaria mosquito populations","volume":"516","author":"Dao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511675997","volume-title":"Low temperature biology of insects","author":"Denlinger","year":"2010"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6668","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0709472105","article-title":"Impacts of climate warming on terrestrial ectotherms across latitude","volume":"105","author":"Deutsch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-015-0905-y","article-title":"Presence and distribution of mosquito larvae predators and factors influencing their abundance along the Mara River, Kenya and Tanzania","volume":"4","author":"Dida","year":"2015","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2235-0","article-title":"Diapause and quiescence: dormancy mechanisms that contribute to the geographical expansion of mosquitoes and their evolutionary success","volume":"10","author":"Diniz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17041403","article-title":"The effect of weather variables on mosquito activity: a snapshot of the main point of entry of cyprus","volume":"17","author":"Drakou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"085004","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/10\/8\/085004","article-title":"Projections of rapidly rising surface temperatures over Africa under low mitigation","volume":"10","author":"Engelbrecht","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0033","first-page":"15","article-title":"Seasonal distribution and micro-climatic factors influencing the abundance of the malaria vectors in South-East Nigeria","volume":"7","author":"Ezihe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mosq. Res"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03333-2","article-title":"Quantifying flight aptitude variation in wild Anopheles gambiae in order to identify long-distance migrants","volume":"19","author":"Faiman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Malar. J"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814043-7.00015-7","article-title":"Mosquitoes (Culicidae),","volume-title":"Medical and veterinary entomology","author":"Foster","year":"2019"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0036","first-page":"8","article-title":"Breeding sites of Aedes aegypti: potential dengue vectors in Dire Dawa, East Ethiopia","volume":"706276","author":"Getachew","year":"2015","journal-title":"Interdiscip. Perspect. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0037","first-page":"55","article-title":"A supplement to the Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Afrotropical region)","volume":"1987","author":"Gillies","year":"1987","journal-title":"S. Afr. Inst. Med. Res"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0168723","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168723","article-title":"Environmental factors affecting survival of immature Ixodes scapularis and implications for geographical distribution of Lyme disease: the Climate\/Behavior hypothesis","volume":"12","author":"Ginsberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0915-1","article-title":"Identifying biotic interactions which drive the spatial distribution of a mosquito community","volume":"8","author":"Golding","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4565(02)00057-8","article-title":"Adaptation of Drosophila to temperature extremes: bringing together quantitative and molecular approaches","volume":"28","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Therm. Biol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1622-4","article-title":"Windborne long-distance migration of malaria mosquitoes in the Sahel","volume":"574","author":"Huestis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"volume-title":"Mosquitoes of Southern Africa: Culicinae and Toxorhynchitinae","year":"1996","author":"Jupp","key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0042"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2006.04.048","article-title":"The Okavango; a river supporting its people, environment and economic development","volume":"331","author":"Kgathi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Hydrol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-020-06614-6","article-title":"Distribution of Anopheles mosquito species, their vectorial role and profiling of knock-down resistance mutations in Botswana","volume":"119","author":"Kgoroebutswe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20160147","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0147","article-title":"Quantifying thermal extremes and biological variation to predict evolutionary responses to changing climate","volume":"372","author":"Kingsolver","year":"2017","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e52084","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052084","article-title":"Anopheline larval habitats seasonality and species distribution: a prerequisite for effective targeted larval habitats control programmes","volume":"7","author":"Kweka","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.11.029","article-title":"Mosquitoes cool down during blood feeding to avoid overheating","volume":"22","author":"Lahond\u00e8re","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Biol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0048","first-page":"511","article-title":"Thermal stress and thermoregulation during feeding in mosquitoes. In Anopheles mosquitoes-New insights into malaria vectors","volume":"16","author":"Lahond\u00e8re","year":"2013","journal-title":"InTech"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1126\/science.238.4832.1415","article-title":"A rapid cold-hardening process in insects","volume":"238","author":"Lee","year":"1987","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10709-006-9013-9","article-title":"Response to selection and evolvability of invasive populations","volume":"129","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genetica"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-019-01457-9","article-title":"Human activities attract harmful mosquitoes in a tropical urban landscape","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecohealth"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12486","article-title":"Tracing the origin of the early wet-season Anopheles coluzzii in the Sahel","volume":"10","author":"Lehmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Evol. Appl"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semdp.2019.04.010","article-title":"Emerging and reemerging fungal infections","volume":"36","author":"Lockhart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin. Diagn. Pathol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-11-226","article-title":"Thermal limits of wild and laboratory strains of two African malaria vector species, Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus","volume":"11","author":"Lyons","year":"2012","journal-title":"Malar. J"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3823","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.104638","article-title":"Desiccation tolerance as a function of age, sex, humidity and temperature in adults of the African malaria vectors Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus","volume":"217","author":"Lyons","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0056","first-page":"e00473","article-title":"Risk factors associated with high malaria incidence among communities in selected wards in Binga District, Zimbabwe: A case-control study","author":"Maseko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Afr"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1941-3","article-title":"Diversity in breeding sites and distribution of Anopheles mosquitoes in selected urban areas of southern Ghana","volume":"10","author":"Mattah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2113\/gssajg.116.1.1","article-title":"The Okavango Delta and its place in the geomorphological evolution of southern Africa","volume":"116","author":"McCarthy","year":"2013","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Geol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0059","first-page":"71","article-title":"Two types of hibernation of Culex pipiens complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in Croatia","volume":"9","author":"Merdic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Entomol. Croat"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0263","article-title":"Phenotypic plasticity and diversity in insects","volume":"365","author":"Moczek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0061","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diversity and abundance of lepidopteran stem borer natural enemies in natural and cultivated habitats in Botswana","volume":"115","author":"Mutamiswa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biocontrol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0062","first-page":"189","article-title":"Population dynamics of mosquitoes in various breeding habitats at University of Peshawar campus, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa Pakistan","volume":"2","author":"Naz","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Entomol. Zool. Stud"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0063","first-page":"7104291","article-title":"Assessing the Role of Climate Change in Malaria Transmission in Africa","volume":"2016","author":"Ngarakana-Gwasira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Malar. Res. Treat"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3032.2010.00736.x","article-title":"Within-generation variation of critical thermal limits in adult Mediterranean and Natal fruit flies Ceratitis capitata and Ceratitis rosa: thermal history affects short-term responses to temperature","volume":"35","author":"Nyamukondiwa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol. Entomol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2311.2010.01215.x","article-title":"Phenotypic plasticity of thermal tolerance contributes to the invasion potential of Mediterranean fruit flies (Ceratitis capitata)","volume":"35","author":"Nyamukondiwa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ecol. Entomol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8306.93107","article-title":"Winners and losers in the context of global change","volume":"93","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Am. Assoc. Geogr"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1007\/s00338-011-0721-y","article-title":"Do fluctuating temperature environments elevate coral thermal tolerance?","volume":"30","author":"Oliver","year":"2011","journal-title":"Coral Reefs"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2008.01.001","article-title":"Rapid thermal adaptation during field temperature variations in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"56","author":"Overgaard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.12240","article-title":"Temperature variation makes ectotherms more sensitive to climate change","volume":"19","author":"Paaijmans","year":"2013","journal-title":"Glob. Chang. Biol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3361","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.3361","article-title":"Pond dyes are Culex mosquito oviposition attractants","volume":"5","author":"Perea","year":"2017","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1890\/14-0744.1","article-title":"Warming tolerance across insect ontogeny: influence of joint shifts in microclimates and thermal limits","volume":"96","author":"Pincebourde","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1948-7134.2010.00099.x","article-title":"Mosquito fauna inhabiting water bodies in the urban environment of C\u00f3rdoba city, Argentina, following a St. Louis encephalitis outbreak","volume":"35","author":"Pires","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Vector Ecol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1127\/phyto\/2016\/0103","article-title":"Vegetation database of the Okavango Basin","volume":"46","author":"Revermann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phytocoenologia"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4537","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph9124537","article-title":"North American wetlands and mosquito control","volume":"9","author":"Rey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2427.2002.00921.x","article-title":"The fauna of dynamic riverine landscapes","volume":"47","author":"Robinson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Freshw. Biol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1111\/een.12324","article-title":"Cold snaps, heatwaves, and arthropod growth","volume":"41","author":"Roitberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecol. Entomol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed5010030","article-title":"Fatal, fulminant and invasive non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae infection in a preterm infant: a re-emerging cause of neonatal sepsis","volume":"5","author":"Roy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119371199.ch33","article-title":"Emerging diseases and diseases of complex or unknown etiology","author":"Saif","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diseases of Poultry"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1993.49.520","article-title":"Identification of single specimens of the Anopheles gambiae complex by the polymerase chain reaction","volume":"49","author":"Scott","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ento-010715-023859","article-title":"What can plasticity contribute to insect responses to climate change?","volume":"61","author":"Sgr\u00f2","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Entomol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.12906","article-title":"Climate variability predicts thermal limits of aquatic insects across elevation and latitude","volume":"31","author":"Shah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1910(01)00119-6","article-title":"Larval crowding in Drosophila melanogaster induces Hsp70 expression, and leads to increased adult longevity and adult thermal stress resistance","volume":"47","author":"S\u00f8rensen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9927","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009927","article-title":"Environmental factors associated with the distribution of Anopheles gambiae s.s in Ghana; an important vector of lymphatic filariasis and malaria","volume":"5","author":"de Souza","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0084","first-page":"86","article-title":"Heat waves, the new normal: summertime temperature extremes will impact animals, ecosystems, and human communities","volume":"34","author":"Stillman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiology (Bethesda)"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0085","first-page":"21","article-title":"Habitat variation and larval mosquito abundance in San Isidro River, Laguna, Philippines","volume":"6","author":"Su","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.15294\/ujph.v9i1.34714","article-title":"The influence of vegetation and house index on male mosquitoes DHF vector abundance on Kawengen Sub-District","volume":"9","author":"Sukendra","year":"2020","journal-title":"UJPH"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6392","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-63086-5","article-title":"A preliminary analysis on the effect of copper on Anopheles coluzzii insecticide resistance in vegetable farms in Benin","volume":"10","author":"Talom","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-017-1756-5","article-title":"Preliminary survey on Anopheles species distribution in Botswana shows the presence of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus complexes","volume":"16","author":"Tawe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Malar. J"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0089","first-page":"49","article-title":"Flood risk communication within flood prone communities of the Okavango delta, Botswana","volume":"2017","author":"Thakadu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Botswana Notes Rec"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-015-0031-z","article-title":"Water use practices, water quality, and households\u2019 diarrheal encounters in communities along the Boro-Thamalakane-Boteti river system, Northern Botswana","volume":"33","author":"Tubatsi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Health. Popul. Nutr"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6424","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1707141114","article-title":"Sensory and cognitive adaptations to social living in insect societies","volume":"114","author":"Wenseleers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1201\/b10201-17","article-title":"Acclimation,","volume-title":"Phenotypic plasticity of insects: mechanisms and consequences","author":"Whitman","year":"2009"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3786-9","article-title":"Zika virus infection in Malaysia: an epidemiological, clinical and virological analysis","volume":"19","author":"Woon","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2021031215310105200_CIT0094","first-page":"72","volume-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/58\/2\/682\/36584472\/tjaa221.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/58\/2\/682\/36584472\/tjaa221.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T15:33:26Z","timestamp":1615563206000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article\/58\/2\/682\/5940897"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Douglas","family":"Norris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jme\/tjaa221","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2585","1938-2928"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-2585"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1938-2928"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]]}}}