{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T20:56:19Z","timestamp":1774126579976,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division"},{"name":"Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System","award":["P0039-18-ME"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0039-18-ME"]}]},{"name":"Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System","award":["P0122-19-ME-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0122-19-ME-03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tick-borne pathogens are contributing factors for the increased incidence of vector-borne diseases throughout the world, including Lyme borreliosis, one of the most prevalent spirochetes belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group. The present study focused on the detection of Borrelia species from hard ticks collected at U.S. Army Garrison Humphreys, Republic of Korea (ROK), using molecular and genotypic analyses. Tick-borne disease surveillance was conducted from January to December, 2018\u20132019. A total of 24,281 ticks (2 genera and 5 species) were collected from road-killed Korean Water deer (KWD) and by tick drag. Haemaphysalis longicornis (92.0%) was the most commonly collected species, followed by Haemaphysalis flava (4.9%), Ixodes nipponensis (3.1%), Haemaphysalis phasiana (0.07%), and Haemaphysalis japonica (&amp;lt;0.01%). The ospA gene sequences of Borrelia afzelii were detected in 12\/529 pools of I. nipponensis. Three and one pools were positive for B. afzelii and Borrelia miyamotoi, respectively, using the 16s rRNA gene. None of the pools of Haemaphysalis ticks collected from KWD or by tick drag were positive for Borrelia species. I. nipponensis was collected throughout the year from KWD and from February to November by tick drag, suggesting that they were active throughout the year, and expanding the risk period for acquiring Lyme borreliosis and Borrelia relapsing fever in the ROK. This study assessed disease risk factors associated with the prevalence of Lyme disease in ticks collected from KWD and by tick drag using molecular analysis. These results provide an understanding and awareness into the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Borrelia species in the ROK.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjab170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]],"date-time":"2021-10-18T00:05:44Z","timestamp":1634515544000},"page":"363-371","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Surveillance and Molecular Identification of<i>Borrelia<\/i>Species in Ticks Collected at U.S. Army Garrison Humphreys, Republic of Korea, 2018\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Seung-Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Tae","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, Medical Department Activity-Korea\/65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281 (Pyeongtaek, Republic of Korea), APO, AP, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7167-2045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heung-Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, Medical Department Activity-Korea\/65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281 (Pyeongtaek, Republic of Korea), APO, AP, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6000-6939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Terry A","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, Medical Department Activity-Korea\/65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281 (Pyeongtaek, Republic of Korea), APO, AP, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyungmin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyeong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Ah","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Division of High-risk Pathogens, Bureau of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Won-Keun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0796-8332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin-Won","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022011306521391500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26944-0","article-title":"Sequence typing reveals extensive strain diversity of the Lyme borreliosis agents Borrelia burgdorferi in North America and Borrelia afzelii in Europe","volume":"150","author":"Bunikis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microbiology (Reading)"},{"key":"2022011306521391500_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2002.9695196","article-title":"Borrelia burgdorferi infections with special reference to horses","volume":"27","author":"Butler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Review Vet. 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