{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T11:02:49Z","timestamp":1793876569734,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, a systematic investigation was performed to estimate the prevalence of head lice infestation, and to determine the factors affecting the prevalence of heterogeneity among primary school-aged children in Iran. A comprehensive search was fulfilled in international databases, including MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, to identify the articles on the prevalence of pediculosis. So, all the cross-sectional epidemiological studies evaluating the prevalence of pediculosis were covered without any restrictions. A random-effects model was used to assess the pooled prevalence. A meta-regression method was applied to determine the factors affecting the heterogeneity among the studied population. An analysis was performed on 67 studies with a total sample size of 358,053. The total pooled estimate for the prevalence of pediculosis in boys and girls was 7.52% (95% CI: 6.15\u20139.03), 1.99% (95% CI: 1.25\u20132.89), and 8.97% (95% CI: 721\u201310.91), respectively. The highest and lowest pooled prevalence was in Hormozgan (southern Iran) (29.21%; 95% CI: 8.89\u201355.34) and Isfahan (Central Iran) (0.69%; 95% CI: 0.59\u20130.80), respectively. Based on the results of the univariate meta-regression, gender and father\u2019s job showed a significant direct association with the prevalence of pediculosis, but the sample size had significant inverse relations with the prevalence of pediculosis. This study demonstrated that pediculosis is a common public health problem affecting school-aged children with a relatively high prevalence in Iran, especially among girls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjac117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T14:08:44Z","timestamp":1664287724000},"page":"1861-1879","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prevalence of Pediculosis Among Primary School-Aged Students in Iran: an Updated Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Morteza","family":"Akbari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Environmental Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences , Ilam , Iran"},{"name":"Department of Vector Biology and Control, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences , Ilam , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soraya","family":"Sheikhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vector Biology and Control, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences , Ilam , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javad","family":"Rafinejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Akbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences , Zahedan , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iraj","family":"Pakzad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences , Ilam , Iran"},{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences , Ilam , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Abdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery, Alborz University of Medical Sciences , Karaj , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8133-3664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reza","family":"Pakzad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Environmental Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences , Ilam , Iran"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences , Ilam , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5267-3221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali Ashraf","family":"Aivazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vector Biology and Control, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences , Ilam , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022111613202196300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-014-9920-0","article-title":"Epidemiological comparative study of pediculosis capitis among primary school children in Fayoum and Minofiya governorates, Egypt","volume":"40","author":"Abd El Raheem","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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