{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T22:21:33Z","timestamp":1757542893484,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,22]],"date-time":"2022-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ME021826","ME021905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ME021826","ME021905"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007516","name":"National Park Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007516","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011130","name":"University of Maine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>National parks are unique and significant vector-borne pathogen transmission settings, engaging over 300 million people in outdoor recreation per year. In this study, we integrated vector surveys and ecological habitat feature data in spatial models to characterize tick-borne disease exposure risk in Acadia National Park (ANP), Maine. To determine the broad-scale patterns of blacklegged tick Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae) densities in ANP, we conducted host-seeking tick collections at 114 sites across the park over two years. Using these tick survey data and geospatial landscape feature data (i.e., land cover, elevation, forest patch size, and aspect) we developed a random forest model of nymphal tick density. We found that host-seeking tick density varies significantly across the park and is particularly high in areas characterized by deciduous forest cover and relatively low elevation. To explore potential fine-scale ecological drivers of tick density spatial patterns, we quantified microclimate conditions, host activity, and vegetation characteristics at a subset of 19 sites. We identified significant differences in microclimate conditions but not host activity or vegetation metrics across broad-scale landscape feature classes. Mean temperature and mean humidity were correlated to nymphal densities and therefore may provide a mechanistic link between landscape features and blacklegged tick densities. Finally, we detected multiple tick-borne pathogens in both ticks and small mammals sampled in ANP, including Borrelia burgdorferi, Babesia microti, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Our findings demonstrate the value of using ecological metrics to estimate vector-borne disease exposure risk and provide insight into habitat characteristics that may drive tick-borne disease exposure risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjac152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,22]],"date-time":"2022-10-22T10:07:31Z","timestamp":1666433251000},"page":"62-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Patterns and Ecological Mechanisms of Tick-Borne Disease Exposure Risk in Acadia National Park, Mount Desert Island, Maine, United States"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Sara E","family":"McBride","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine , 5722 Deering Hall, Orono, ME 04469 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandon A","family":"Lieberthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine , 5722 Deering Hall, Orono, ME 04469 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danielle E","family":"Buttke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Park Service , 1201 Oakridge Drive, Fort Collins, CO 80525 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brittany D","family":"Cronk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra M","family":"De Urioste-Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Forest Resources, University of Maine , 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura B","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucy D","family":"Guarnieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine , 5722 Deering Hall, Orono, ME 04469 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"JR.","given":"Thomas F","family":"Rounsville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pest Management Unit, University of Maine Cooperative Extension Diagnostic and Research Laboratory , 17 Godfrey Drive, Orono, ME 04473 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allison M","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine , 5722 Deering Hall, Orono, ME 04469 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.2003.01260.x","article-title":"Effect of forest fragmentation on Lyme disease risk","volume":"17","author":"Allan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Conserv. Biol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1603\/ME13186","article-title":"Relative humidity and activity patterns of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)","volume":"51","author":"Berger","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","article-title":"Random forests","volume":"45","author":"Breiman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mach. Learn"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182018002147","article-title":"Survival and energy use of Ixodes scapularis nymphs throughout their overwintering period.","volume":"146","author":"Burtis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v034.i12","article-title":"glmulti: an R package for easy automated model selection with (generalized) linear models","volume":"34","author":"Calcagno","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0006","first-page":"252","article-title":"Amblyomma americanum and Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) within the Capital Beltway and associated human pathogens in Greenbelt National Park, Maryland (USA)","volume":"55","author":"Carroll","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Entomol. Sci"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2016.08.011","article-title":"Knowledge and use of prevention measures for chikungunya virus among visitors \u2014 Virgin Islands National Park, 2015","volume":"14","author":"Cherry","year":"2016","journal-title":"Travel Med. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0008","first-page":"523","article-title":"Visitor risk assessment and ecology of Lyme disease in Acadia National Park, Maine","volume":"14","author":"Connery","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dev. Landsc"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-021-01531-1","article-title":"Active forest management reduces blacklegged tick and tick-borne pathogen exposure risk.","volume":"18","author":"Conte","year":"2021","journal-title":"EcoHealth"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2212.160560","article-title":"Investigation of and response to two plague cases, Yosemite National Park, California, USA, 2015.","volume":"22","author":"Danforth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/37.3.357","article-title":"Estimating population size and drag sampling efficiency for the blacklegged tick (Acari: Ixodidae)","volume":"37","author":"Daniels","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jort.2016.01.003","article-title":"Nature-based tourism and climate change risk: visitors\u2019 perceptions in Mount Desert Island, Maine","volume":"13","author":"De Urioste-Stone","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Outdoor Recreat. Tour"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/jvec.12138","article-title":"Investigating the relationship between environmental factors and tick abundance in a small, highly heterogeneous region","volume":"40","author":"Del Fabbro","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Vector Ecol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jort.2018.02.003","article-title":"Tick-borne disease occupational risks and behaviors of Florida fish, wildlife, and parks service employees \u2013 a health belief model perspective","volume":"22","author":"Donohoe","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Outdoor Recreat. Tour"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2014.07.006","article-title":"Lyme disease: current issues, implications, and recommendations for tourism management","volume":"46","author":"Donohoe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Tour. Manage"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjw092","article-title":"Critical evaluation of the linkage between tick-based risk measures and the occurrence of Lyme disease cases","volume":"53","author":"Eisen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1603\/ME12228","article-title":"What is the risk for exposure to vector-borne pathogens in United States national parks?","volume":"50","author":"Eisen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.669","article-title":"Spatial patterns of Lyme disease risk in California based on disease incidence data and modeling of vector-tick exposure","volume":"75","author":"Eisen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0019","first-page":"125","article-title":"A generalized additive model correlating blacklegged ticks with white-tailed deer density, temperature, and humidity in Maine, USA, 1990\u20132013.","volume":"58","author":"Elias","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0020","first-page":"635","article-title":"Increasing habitat suitability in the United States for the tick that transmits Lyme disease: a remote sensing approach","volume":"110","author":"Estrada-Pe\u00f1a","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ. Health. Perspect"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009886","article-title":"Temporal relation between Ixodes scapularis abundance and risk for Lyme disease associated with erythema migrans","volume":"149","author":"Falco","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e84758","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084758","article-title":"Integrated assessment of behavioral and environmental risk factors for Lyme disease infection on Block Island, Rhode Island","volume":"9","author":"Finch","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/25.4.303","article-title":"Deer ticks, Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae), and Lyme disease spirochetes, Borrelia burgdorferi, in Maine","volume":"25","author":"Ginsberg","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555816490","volume-title":"Tick-borne diseases of humans","author":"Goodman","year":"2005"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0803.010166","article-title":"Predicting the risk of Lyme disease: habitat suitability for Ixodes scapularis in the north central United States.","volume":"8","author":"Guerra","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(02)00204-1","article-title":"Generalized linear and generalized additive models in studies of species distributions: setting the scene","volume":"157","author":"Guisan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ecol. Model"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjw076","article-title":"Modeling the geographic distribution of Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the contiguous United States","volume":"53","author":"Hahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2604.190733","article-title":"Plague epizootic dynamics in chipmunk fleas, Sierra Nevada Mountains, California, USA, 2013\u20132015","volume":"26","author":"Hammond","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2018.2360","article-title":"Francisella tularensis exposure among national park service employees during an epizootic: Devils Tower National Monument, Wyoming, 2015.","volume":"19","author":"Harrist","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1812.111392","article-title":"Reservoir competence of wildlife host species for Babesia microti","volume":"18","author":"Hersh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0031","first-page":"1","article-title":"Package \u2018dismo\u2019","volume":"9","author":"Hijmans","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circles"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2506.180338","article-title":"Patterns of abundance, host use, and Everglades virus infection in Culex (Melanoconion) cedecei mosquitoes, Florida, USA","volume":"25","author":"Hoyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0033","first-page":"742","article-title":"Prevalence and diversity of tick-borne pathogens in nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in eastern national parks.","volume":"54","author":"Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1812.120919","article-title":"Reservoir competence of vertebrate hosts for Anaplasma phagocytophilum.","volume":"18","author":"Keesing","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/26.5.435","article-title":"Pictorial key to the adults of hard ticks, family Ixodidae (Ixodida: Ixodoidea), east of the Mississippi River","volume":"26","author":"Keirans","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1603\/ME13232","article-title":"The relationship between deer density, tick abundance, and human cases of Lyme disease in a residential community","volume":"51","author":"Kilpatrick","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2702.202731","article-title":"Estimating the frequency of Lyme disease diagnoses, United States, 2010-2018","volume":"27","author":"Kugeler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10942","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1204536109","article-title":"Deer, predators, and the emergence of Lyme disease","volume":"109","author":"Levi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.2307\/3495570","article-title":"Nymphs of the genus Ixodes (Acari: Ixodidae) of the United States: taxonomy, identification key, distribution, hosts, and medical\/veterinary importance","volume":"80","author":"Levin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Fla. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0040","first-page":"18","article-title":"Classification and regression by randomForest","volume":"2","author":"Liaw","year":"2002","journal-title":"R News"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108119","article-title":"Impact of climatic change on the northern latitude limit and population density of the disease-transmitting European tickIxodes ricinus","volume":"108","author":"Lindgren","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0233733100","article-title":"The ecology of infectious disease: effects of host diversity and community composition on Lyme disease risk","volume":"100","author":"LoGiudice","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1603\/0046-225X-33.4.900","article-title":"Habitat associations of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Maine","volume":"33","author":"Lubelczyk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/ecs2.2227","article-title":"Risk of vector tick exposure initially increases, then declines through time in response to wildfire in California","volume":"9","author":"MacDonald","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecosphere"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/ecs2.1404","article-title":"National parks in the eastern United States harbor important older forest structure compared with matrix forests.","volume":"7","author":"Miller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecosphere"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-41.4.622","article-title":"Investigation of relationships between temperature and developmental rates of tick Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in the laboratory and field","volume":"41","author":"Ogden","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"year":"2022","author":"Oksanen","key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0047"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0040145","article-title":"Climate, deer, rodents, and acorns as determinants of variation in Lyme disease risk","volume":"4","author":"Ostfeld","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.2386","article-title":"Tick-borne disease risk in a forest food web","volume":"99","author":"Ostfeld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1089\/153036601750137688","article-title":"Effects of acorn production and mouse abundance on abundance and Borrelia burgdorferi infection prevalence of nymphal Ixodes scapulari sticks","volume":"1","author":"Ostfeld","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolmodel.2005.03.026","article-title":"Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions","volume":"190","author":"Phillips","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ecol. Model"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e71299","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071299","article-title":"Landscape level variation in tick abundance relative to seasonal migration in red deer.","volume":"8","author":"Qviller","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15040603","article-title":"Multi-scale clustering of Lyme disease risk at the expanding leading edge of the range of Ixodes scapularis in Canada","volume":"15","author":"Ripoche","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6717e1","article-title":"Vital signs: trends in reported vector-borne disease cases \u2014 United States and Territories, 2004\u20132016.","volume":"67","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR \u2013 Morbid Mortal. Wkly. Rep"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2020.2724","article-title":"Statewide passive surveillance of Ixodes scapularis and associated pathogens in Maine","volume":"21","author":"Rounsville","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0403","article-title":"Incubation periods of mosquito-borne viral infections: a systematic review","volume":"90","author":"Rudolph","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-014-9798-7","article-title":"Tick community composition in Midwestern US habitats in relation to sampling method and environmental conditions","volume":"64","author":"Rynkiewicz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Appl. Acarol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-38.2.318","article-title":"Effects of selected meteorological factors on diurnal questing of Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae)","volume":"38","author":"Schulze","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/31.2.310","article-title":"Survival of immature Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) at different relative humidities","volume":"31","author":"Stafford","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/136588199241391","article-title":"The GARP modelling system: problems and solutions to automated spatial prediction","volume":"13","author":"Stockwell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Geogr. Inform. Sci"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182012000625","article-title":"The abundance of Ixodes ricinus ticks depends on tree species composition and shrub cover","volume":"139","author":"Tack","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0062","article-title":"2019 National Park visitor spending effects: economic contributions to local communities, states, and nation.","volume-title":"Natural Resource Report NPS\/NRSS\/EQD\/NRR \u2013 2020\/2110","author":"Thomas","year":"2020"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2020.08.008","article-title":"Association of the invasive Haemaphysalis longicornis tick with vertebrate hosts, other native tick vectors, and tick-borne pathogens in New York City, USA","volume":"51","author":"Tufts","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1603\/033.046.0321","article-title":"Isolation of entomopathogenic fungi from soils and Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks: prevalence and methods","volume":"46","author":"Tuininga","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-39.6.842","article-title":"Vertical movement and posture of blacklegged tick (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs as a function of temperature and relative humidity in laboratory experiments","volume":"39","author":"Vail","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0066","first-page":"5","article-title":"Linking deforestation to malaria in the Amazon: characterization of the breeding habitat of the principal malaria vector, Anopheles darlingi.","volume":"81","author":"Vittor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2021.101872","article-title":"Microclimate conditions alter Ixodes scapularis(Acari: Ixodidae) overwinter survival across climate gradients in Maine, United States","volume":"13","author":"Volk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"key":"2023102203192814800_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12749","article-title":"Active surveillance of pathogens from ticks collected in New York State suburban parks and schoolyards.","volume":"67","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/60\/1\/62\/48651615\/tjac152.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/60\/1\/62\/48651615\/tjac152.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,22]],"date-time":"2023-10-22T03:20:17Z","timestamp":1697944817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article\/60\/1\/62\/6769793"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Holly","family":"Gaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,22]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jme\/tjac152","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2585","1938-2928"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-2585"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1938-2928"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,22]]}}}