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This species has an extended geographical distribution, wider than that of the parasite. The main objective of our study was to analyze the genetic diversity of Ph. sergenti collected in four foci in Morocco: Taza, Foum Jem\u00e2a, El Hanchane, and Ouarzazate. We studied a set of diversity and population structure indices by sequencing two markers; nuclear EF-1\u03b1 and mitochondrial Cyt b from 175 individual sand flies. Our results showed a considerable degree of intraspecific polymorphism with a high number of haplotypes identified in both genes. Many polymorphic sites detected in the Cyt b sequences (SCyt b = 45) indicate that it is the most polymorphic marker showing a distinct distribution of haplotypes according to their geographical origin, whereas the EF-1\u03b1 marker showed no geographical isolation. Analysis by Tajima\u2019s D and Fu\u2019s Fs tests revealed a possible recent expansion of the populations, especially with the EF-1\u03b1 marker, showing significant values in Taza and Ouarzazate sequences. The present study revealed significant genetic diversity within Ph. sergenti populations in Morocco. The results warrant further research using a combination of more than two markers including mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial markers, which may provide more information to clarify the genetic status of Ph. sergenti.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjac190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,8]],"date-time":"2023-01-08T03:15:20Z","timestamp":1673147720000},"page":"294-305","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Population Genetic Structure of<i>Phlebotomus sergenti<\/i>(Diptera: Psychodidae) Collected in Four Regions of Morocco Based on the Analysis of<i>Cyt b<\/i>and<i>EF-1\u03b1<\/i>Genes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Sofia","family":"El Kacem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Maroc , Casablanca , Morocco"},{"name":"Laboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Ben M\u2019Sik, Hassan II University , Casablanca , Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mouad","family":"Ait Kbaich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Maroc , Casablanca , Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idris","family":"Mhaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Maroc , Casablanca , Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Othmane","family":"Daoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Maroc , Casablanca , Morocco"},{"name":"Health and Environment Laboratory, A\u00efn Chock Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca , Casablanca , Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Houda","family":"Bennani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Ben M\u2019Sik, Hassan II University , Casablanca , Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00edt","family":"Dvo\u0159\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9923-9219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meryem","family":"Lemrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Maroc , Casablanca , Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023030708314388100_","first-page":"1","article-title":"Les phl\u00e9botomes de la r\u00e9gion \u00e9thiopienne (Diptera, Psychodidae)","volume":"55","author":"Abonnenc","year":"1972","journal-title":"Cahiers de l\u2019ORSTOM, s\u00e9rie Entomologie m\u00e9dicale et Parasitologie."},{"key":"2023030708314388100_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1993.tb00677.x","article-title":"The application of random amplified polymorphic DNA for sandfly species identification","volume":"7","author":"Adamson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Med. 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