{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T06:34:55Z","timestamp":1784010895364,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Directorate General for International Relations and Strategy"},{"name":"Institut de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale des Arm\u00e9es"},{"name":"French MoD\u2019s involvement in G7 Global partnership"},{"name":"Agence Fran\u00e7aise d\u2019 Expertise Technique Internationale"},{"name":"National Geographic Society Meridian grant","award":["NGS-92657E-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NGS-92657E-21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Plague is a zoonotic vector-borne disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. In Madagascar, it persists in identified foci, where it is a threat to public health generally from September to April. A more complete understanding of how the disease persists could guide control strategies. Fleas are the main vector for transmission between small mammal hosts and humans, and fleas likely play a role in the maintenance of plague. This study characterized the dynamics of flea populations in plague foci alongside the occurrence of human cases. From 2018 to 2020, small mammals were trapped at sites in the central Highlands of Madagascar. A total of 2,762 small mammals were captured and 5,295 fleas were collected. The analysis examines 2 plague vector species in Madagascar (Synopsyllus fonquerniei and Xenopsylla cheopis). Generalized linear models were used to relate flea abundance to abiotic factors, with adjustments for trap location and flea species. We observed significant effects of abiotic factors on the abundance, intensity, and infestation rate by the outdoor-associated flea species, S. fonquerniei, but weak seasonality for the indoor-associated flea species, X. cheopis. A difference in the timing of peak abundance was observed between the 2 flea species during and outside the plague season. While the present study did not identify a clear link between flea population dynamics and plague maintenance, as only one collected X. cheopis was infected, the results presented herein can be used by local health authorities to improve monitoring and control strategies of plague vector fleas in Madagascar.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjad152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T16:37:39Z","timestamp":1701448659000},"page":"201-211","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Population dynamics of plague vector fleas in an endemic focus: implications for plague surveillance"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7841-7963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fanohinjanaharinirina","family":"Rasoamalala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plague Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar , Antananarivo , Madagascar"},{"name":"Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo , Antananarivo , Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katelyn","family":"Gostic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago , Chicago, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamionah J","family":"Parany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plague Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar , Antananarivo , Madagascar"},{"name":"Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo , Antananarivo , Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soanandrasana","family":"Rahelinirina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plague Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar , Antananarivo , Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soloandry","family":"Rahajandraibe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory for Plague, Ministry of Public Health , Antananarivo , Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Gorg\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale des Arm\u00e9es , Br\u00e9tigny-sur-Orge , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Valade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale des Arm\u00e9es , Br\u00e9tigny-sur-Orge , France"},{"name":"Ecole du Val-de-Gr\u00e2ce , Paris , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5383-2906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mireille","family":"Harimalala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar , Antananarivo , Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoarisoa","family":"Rajerison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plague Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar , Antananarivo , Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beza","family":"Ramasindrazana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plague Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar , Antananarivo , Madagascar"},{"name":"Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo , Antananarivo , Madagascar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024011209112661000_CIT0001","first-page":"e2382","article-title":"Understanding the persistence of plague foci in Madagascar","volume-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","author":"Andrianaivoarimanana","year":"2013"},{"key":"2024011209112661000_CIT0002","volume-title":"Package Lme4: linear mixed-effects models using Eigen and S4","author":"Bates","year":"2014"},{"key":"2024011209112661000_CIT0003","first-page":"289","article-title":"Plague around the world in 2019\u2014La peste dans le monde 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