{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T12:05:03Z","timestamp":1780056303939,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Aedes aegypti is fast spreading across California, with over 300 cities within 22 central and southern counties being infested since its introduction in 2013. Due to its cryptic breeding habitats, control efforts have not been successful so far. This calls for innovative tools such as sterile insect technique (SIT) to reinforce the existing integrated pest management (IPM). Here, we assessed fitness, survivorship, and dose response of X-ray irradiated male Ae. aegypti in California. Locally acquired Ae. aegypti eggs were hatched and reared in temperature-controlled laboratory setting at the West Valley Mosquito and Vector Control District in Ontario, California. Freshly emerged adult male mosquitoes were manually separated using motor-operated aspirators and treated with X-ray radiation at different dosage (42\u201360 Gy). Dose response of irradiated males was analyzed and induced sterility determined. Survivorship of males treated with different X-ray doses was compared. Fecundity of females that mated with irradiated males at different X-ray doses was generally comparable. Overall, induced sterility increased with higher X-ray doses. Nulliparous females that mated with male Ae. aegypti treated with 55\u201360 Gy laid eggs with over 99% sterility. Non-irradiated male mosquitoes had higher survivorship (mean\u2005=\u20050.78; P\u2005=\u20050.0331) than irradiated mosquitoes (mean range\u2005=\u20050.50\u20130.65). The competitiveness index of irradiated males decreased with increasing X-ray treatment doses, 1.14 at 55 Gy and 0.49 at 60 Gy, and this difference was significant (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.01). Irradiated males showed high survivorship and competitiveness\u2014key for the anticipated SIT application for the control of invasive Ae. aegypti in California.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjae106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T17:19:43Z","timestamp":1731604783000},"page":"1420-1426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Preparation for targeted sterile insect technique to control invasive <i>Aedes aegypti<\/i> (Diptera: Culicidae) in southern California: dose-dependent response, survivorship, and competitiveness"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1793-6908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solomon Kibret","family":"Birhanie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"West Valley Mosquito and Vector Control District , 1295 East Locust St, Ontario, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Thieme Castellon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Valley Mosquito and Vector Control District , 1295 East Locust St, Ontario, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ale","family":"Macias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Valley Mosquito and Vector Control District , 1295 East Locust St, Ontario, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rubi","family":"Casas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Valley Mosquito and Vector Control District , 1295 East Locust St, Ontario, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4165-4644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle Q","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Valley Mosquito and Vector Control District , 1295 East Locust St, Ontario, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.2987\/20-6957.1","article-title":"Gamma-irradiation reduces survivorship, feeding behavior, and oviposition of female Aedes aegypti","volume":"36","author":"Aldridge","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1603\/me12048","article-title":"Pilot field trials with Aedes albopictus irradiated sterile males in Italian urban areas","volume":"50","author":"Bellini","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0212520","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0212520","article-title":"Optimization of irradiation dose to Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus in a sterile insect technique program","volume":"14","author":"Bond","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12020145","article-title":"Sexual competitiveness and induced egg sterility by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus gamma-irradiated males: a laboratory and field study in Mexico","volume":"12","author":"Bond","year":"2021","journal-title":"Insects"},{"issue":"43","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaba6251","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aba6251","article-title":"Field performance of sterile male mosquitoes released from an uncrewed aerial vehicle","volume":"5","author":"Bouyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Robot"},{"key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0006","author":"California Department of Public Health (CDPH)","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0007","author":"California Department of Public Health (CDPH)","year":"2023"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.7303","article-title":"Developing the radiation-based sterile insect technique (SIT) for controlling Aedes aegypti: identification of a sterilizing dose","volume":"79","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pest Manag. Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0471-x","article-title":"Efficient production of male Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes enables large-scale suppression of wild populations","volume":"38","author":"Crawford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjw131","article-title":"Egg hatching and survival of immature stages of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) under natural temperature conditions during the cold season in Buenos Aires, Argentina","volume":"54","author":"De Majo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12050469","article-title":"Sterile insect technique: successful suppression of an Aedes aegypti field population in Cuba","volume":"12","author":"Gato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Insects"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2130","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16010-4","article-title":"Accelerating invasion potential of disease vector Aedes aegypti under climate change","volume":"11","author":"Iwamura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. 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Microbiol"},{"key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2017.11.026","article-title":"Global risk mapping for major diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus","volume":"67","author":"Leta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1974.23.288","article-title":"Release of chemosterilized males for the control of Anopheles albimanus in El Salvador. III. Field methods and population control","volume":"23","author":"Lofgren","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjaa157","article-title":"A review of the control of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in the continental United States","volume":"58","author":"McGregor","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjw237","article-title":"Detection and establishment of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes in California, 2011\u20132015","volume":"54","author":"Metzger","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjac070","article-title":"Estimating Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) flight distance: meta-data analysis","volume":"59","author":"Moore","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Med. 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Entomol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12040346","article-title":"The Insect Pest Control Laboratory of the Joint FAO\/IAEA Programme: Ten years (2010\u20132020) of research and development, achievements and challenges in support of the Sterile Insect Technique","volume":"12","author":"Vreysen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Insects"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12010102","article-title":"Sterility of Aedes albopictus by X-ray irradiation as an alternative to \u03b3-ray irradiation for the sterile insect technique","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22989","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-02061-0","article-title":"Urbanization favors the proliferation of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus in urban areas of Miami-Dade County, Florida","volume":"11","author":"Wilke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1603\/me13223","article-title":"X-ray-induced sterility in Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) and male longevity following irradiation","volume":"51","author":"Yamada","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"issue":"348","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0951-x","article-title":"Standard operating procedures for standardized mass rearing of the dengue and chikungunya vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)-II-Egg storage and hatching","volume":"8","author":"Zheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasite Vector."},{"issue":"7767","key":"2024111417193958200_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1407-9","article-title":"Incompatible and sterile insect techniques combined eliminate mosquitoes","volume":"572","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/61\/6\/1420\/60677734\/tjae106.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/61\/6\/1420\/60677734\/tjae106.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T17:19:45Z","timestamp":1731604785000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article\/61\/6\/1420\/7737622"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Barry","family":"Alto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jme\/tjae106","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2585","1938-2928"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2585","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2928","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]]}}}