{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T21:27:16Z","timestamp":1772746036120,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Malaria remains a significant public health challenge, driven by Plasmodium parasites transmitted through bites of Anopheles mosquitoes. Ecuador\u2019s diverse ecological regions host various Anopheles species, influencing malaria transmission dynamics. This study documents the distribution and biodiversity of Anopheles mosquitoes across Ecuador\u2019s Amazon, Coastal, and Andean regions, based on the collection of 9,882 specimens from 2017 to 2023. Morphological identification, complemented by PCR analysis of cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) genes, revealed 32 Anopheles species. Key findings include the predominance of An. albimanus in the Coastal and Andean foothill regions and An. oswaldoi in the Amazon. Biodiversity indices highlight higher species richness in the Amazon and Coastal regions compared to the Andean region, where An. albimanus dominated. The study underscores the need for region-specific vector management strategies. In the Coastal and Andean regions, targeted indoor and peridomestic vector control is recommended, while in the Amazon, the emphasis should be on preventing human\u2013vector interaction and biological control of immature mosquito stages. These findings enhance the understanding of Anopheles biodiversity and distribution in Ecuador, informing the design of tailored interventions to advance malaria elimination goals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjaf015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T04:55:58Z","timestamp":1743656158000},"page":"659-666","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<i>Anopheles<\/i> (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquito species in Ecuador: their role in malaria transmission"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6652-7054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pa\u00fal","family":"Quinatoa Tutillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Referencia Nacional de Vectores , Quito ,","place":["Ecuador"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7367-7782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Jos\u00e9","family":"Bustillos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Referencia Nacional de Vectores , Quito ,","place":["Ecuador"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1467-8407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan Patricio","family":"Mora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Referencia Nacional de Vectores , Quito ,","place":["Ecuador"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4622-4539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anabel","family":"Padilla N","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Referencia Nacional de Vectores , Quito ,","place":["Ecuador"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3663-1782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Morales Viteri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Centro de Referencia Nacional de Vectores , Quito ,","place":["Ecuador"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0001","first-page":"132","article-title":"Molecular taxonomy of Anopheles from Ecuador, using mitochondrial DNA (Cytochrome c Oxidase I) and Maximum Parsimony optimization","volume":"2","author":"Arregui","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bol. malariol. salud ambient"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/iroh.200390004","article-title":"A comparative analysis of evenness index sensitivity","volume":"88","author":"Beisel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Hydrobiol"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-9062.112538","article-title":"Occurrence of Anopheles (Anopheles) fluminensis root in the city of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","volume":"50","author":"Carvalho","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Vector Borne Dis"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760170113","article-title":"Urban malaria transmission in a non-endemic area in the Andean region of Colombia","volume":"112","author":"Chaparro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1590\/1809-43921981111067","article-title":"Observations on the biting activity of Anopheles triannulatus (Bachmanni) from the Mato Grosso, Brazil","volume":"1","author":"Charlwood","year":"1981","journal-title":"Acta Amazon"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0006","first-page":"165","article-title":"Determination of areas of endemism in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Venezuela, through explicit optimization criteria","volume":"2","author":"Del Ventura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bol. malariol. salud ambient"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.14712\/23361980.2015.12","article-title":"Theoretical view of the Shannon index in the evaluation of landscape diversity","volume":"47","author":"Du\u0161ek","year":"2017","journal-title":"AUC Geographica"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0008","first-page":"1","article-title":"A handbook of the Amazonian species of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) (Diptera: Culicidae)","volume":"13","author":"Faran","year":"1981","journal-title":"Mosq. Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9550-9_4","article-title":"Malaria situation in Latin America and the Caribbean: residual and resurgent transmission and challenges for control and elimination","volume":"2013","author":"Ferreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Malar Contr Elimination"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-1272","article-title":"Evidence-based malaria control and elimination in the Amazon: input from the International Center of excellence in malaria research network in Peru and Brazil","volume":"107","author":"Ferreira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-41.3.489","article-title":"Natural Plasmodium infections in Anopheles darlingi and Anopheles benarrochi (Diptera: Culicidae) from eastern Peru","volume":"41","author":"Flores-Mendoza","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0012","first-page":"294","article-title":"DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates","volume":"3","author":"Folmer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Mar. Biol. Biotechnol"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.10-0088","article-title":"Centers for Disease Control light traps for monitoring Anopheles arabiensis human biting rates in an area with low vector density and high insecticide-treated bed net use","volume":"83","author":"Fornadel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.22201\/ib.20078706e.2019.90.2654","article-title":"Distribuci\u00f3n y par\u00e1metros entomol\u00f3gicos de Anopheles (Anopheles) calderoni (Diptera: Culicidae) de Colombia","volume":"90","author":"Galeano-Casta\u00f1eda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Mex. Biodivers"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e32625","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.32625","article-title":"Variation in natural exposure to Anopheles mosquitoes and its effects on malaria transmission","volume":"7","author":"Guelbeogo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.3218.1.1","article-title":"Anopheles (Kerteszia) lepidotus (Diptera: Culicidae), not the malaria vector we thought it was: Revised male and female morphology; larva, pupa, and male genitalia characters; and molecular verification","volume":"3218","author":"Harrison","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zootaxa"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1590\/s0034-89102005000400008","article-title":"Spatial distribution of Anopheles pseudopunctipennis in the Yungas de Salta rainforest, Argentina","volume":"39","author":"Juri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev. Saude Publica"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3390\/ecologies5010003","article-title":"Using biodiversity indices effectively: considerations for forest management","volume":"5","author":"Kitikidou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecologies"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1630-x","article-title":"Successful malaria elimination in the Ecuador\u2013Peru border region: epidemiology and lessons learned","volume":"15","author":"Krisher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Malar. J"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0423","article-title":"Evidence for pleistocene population divergence and expansion of Anopheles albimanus in Southern Central America","volume":"82","author":"Loaiza","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21030691","article-title":"Identification and pilot evaluation of salivary peptides from Anopheles albimanus as biomarkers for bite exposure and malaria infection in Colombia","volume":"21","author":"Londono-Renteria","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/886\/1\/012046","article-title":"Bird diversity in the Gumuk ecosystem in Jember","volume":"886","author":"Maisyaroh","year":"2021","journal-title":"IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03426-y","article-title":"Anopheline and human drivers of malaria risk in northern coastal, Ecuador: a pilot study","volume":"19","author":"Martin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Malar. J"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1111\/jvec.12307","article-title":"Diversity of Anopheles mosquitoes from four landscapes in the highest endemic region of malaria transmission in Brazil","volume":"43","author":"Martins","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Vector Ecol"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6386","DOI":"10.3390\/su11226386","article-title":"Integrated coastal zone management in continental Ecuador and Galapagos Islands: challenges and opportunities in a changing tourism and economic context","volume":"11","author":"Mestanza-Ram\u00f3n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sustain. Sci. Pract. Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0027","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sistema de clasificaci\u00f3n de los Ecosistemas del Ecuador Continental","volume":"1","author":"Ministerio de Ambiente","year":"2012","journal-title":"Subsecretar\u00eda de Patrimonio Natural"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0028","volume-title":"Vigilancia y control de vectores en el Ecuador, Norma t\u00e9cnica","author":"Ministerio de Salud P\u00fablica (MSP)","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0029","volume-title":"Subsistema de vigilancia SIVE-ALERTA, Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores Ecuador SE 01-52","author":"Ministerio de Salud P\u00fablica (MSP)","year":"2020"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0030","volume-title":"Subsistema de vigilancia SIVE-ALERTA, Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores Ecuador SE 01-52","author":"Ministerio de Salud P\u00fablica (MSP)","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0031","volume-title":"Subsistema de vigilancia SIVE-ALERTA, Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores Ecuador SE 01-52","author":"Ministerio de Salud P\u00fablica (MSP)","year":"2023"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0032","volume-title":"Subsistema de vigilancia SIVE-ALERTA, Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores Ecuador SE 01-44","author":"Ministerio de Salud P\u00fablica (MSP)","year":"2024"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjaa293#supplementary-data","article-title":"New Records of Anopheles benarrochi B (Diptera: Culicidae) in Malaria hotspots in the amazon regions of ecuador and peru","volume":"58","author":"Morales","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3514","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.1155","article-title":"Choosing and using diversity indices: insights for ecological applications from the German Biodiversity Exploratories","volume":"4","author":"Morris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecol. Evol"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.15517\/RBT.V58I1.5206","article-title":"Registros de mayor altitud para mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) en Venezuela","volume":"58","author":"Navarro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev. Biol. Trop"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-023-04640-0","article-title":"Genetic diversity and natural selection of Plasmodium vivax reticulocyte invasion genes in Ecuador","volume":"22","author":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Malar. J"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0037","volume-title":"La equidad en la mira: La salud p\u00fablica en Ecuador durante las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas","author":"Pan American Health Organization (PAHO\/WHO)","year":"2007"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0038","first-page":"2","volume":"1","author":"Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epidemiological Update: Malaria in the Americas"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-236","article-title":"New highland distribution records of multiple Anopheles species in the Ecuadorian Andes","volume":"10","author":"Pinault","year":"2011","journal-title":"Malar. J"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1948-7134.2012.00209.x","article-title":"Characterization of larval habitats of Anopheles albimanus, Anopheles pseudopunctipennis, Anopheles punctimacula, and Anopheles oswaldoi s.l. populations in lowland and highland Ecuador","volume":"37","author":"Pinault","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Vector Ecol"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00059","article-title":"Larval habitat associations with human land uses, roads, rivers, and land cover for Anopheles albimanus, A. pseudopunctipennis, and A. punctimacula (Diptera: Culicidae) in coastal and highland Ecuador","volume":"3","author":"Pinault","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Physiol"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1804.111267","article-title":"Malaria in highlands of Ecuador since 1900","volume":"18","author":"Pinault","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0043","first-page":"583","article-title":"Biodiversidad: Inferencia basada en el \u00edndice de Shannon y la riqueza","volume":"31","author":"Pla","year":"2006","journal-title":"Interciencia"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1590\/s0074-02762006000600007","article-title":"Incrimination of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) rangeli and An. (Nys.) oswaldoi as natural vectors of Plasmodium vivax in Southern Colombia","volume":"101","author":"Qui\u00f1ones","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-017-1925-6","article-title":"Malaria in Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Venezuela: current challenges in malaria control and elimination","volume":"16","author":"Recht","year":"2017","journal-title":"Malar. J"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0046","first-page":"25","article-title":"First report of Anopheles (Lophopodomyia) gilesi (Neiva) (Diptera: Culicidae) in Venezuela","volume":"7","author":"Rubio-Palis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bol. Malariol. y Sal. Amb"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-324","article-title":"Systematics of the oswaldoi complex (Anopheles, Nyssorhynchus) in south America","volume":"6","author":"Ruiz-L\u00f3pez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04301-0","article-title":"Identification keys to the Anopheles mosquitoes of South America (Diptera: Culicidae). IV. Adult females","volume":"13","author":"Sallum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1590\/s1020-49892000000100004","article-title":"Epidemiology of malaria in the Amazon basin of Ecuador","volume":"7","author":"San Sebasti\u00e1n","year":"2000","journal-title":"Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1590\/s0036-46652000000200005","article-title":"Malaria vectors in the Brazilian amazon: Anopheles of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus","volume":"42","author":"Tadei","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2019.04.013","article-title":"Malaria vectors and species complexes in Thailand: implications for vector control","volume":"35","author":"Tananchai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.17533\/udea.hm.323249","article-title":"Variabilidad gen\u00e9tica de Anopheles punctimacula s.l. en dos localidades de la zona end\u00e9mica para la malaria: El Bajo Cauca y Alto Sin\u00fa","volume":"5","author":"Urrea","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hechos Microbiol"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2012.03.036","article-title":"Diversity and equitability ordering profiles applied to study forest structure","volume":"276","author":"Valbuena","year":"2012","journal-title":"For. Ecol. Manag"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0054","first-page":"1","article-title":"Malaria y espacio en el Ecuador del verde de Par\u00eds a la eliminaci\u00f3n de la enfermedad","volume":"1","author":"Velasco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Repositorio Internacional Universidad Andina Sim\u00f3n Bolivar."},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1590\/s1519-566x2010000300022","article-title":"Occurrence of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) rangeli (Gabaldon et al) and Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) evansae (Brethes) (Diptera: Culicidae) in an eutrophized dam","volume":"39","author":"Wermelinger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neotrop. Entomol"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0056","first-page":"193","volume-title":"World malaria report 2017","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.30875\/7e6f8c91-en","volume-title":"World malaria report 2019","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0058","first-page":"356","volume-title":"World malaria report 2023","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"2025052711461685600_CIT0059","first-page":"104","article-title":"Malaria","volume-title":"La equidad en la mira: la Salud P\u00fablica en Ecuador durante las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas","author":"Y\u00e9pez","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/62\/3\/659\/62846802\/tjaf015.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/62\/3\/659\/62846802\/tjaf015.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T15:46:32Z","timestamp":1748360792000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article\/62\/3\/659\/8104470"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Maria Anice","family":"Sallum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jme\/tjaf015","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2585","1938-2928"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2585","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2928","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]}}}