{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T22:40:15Z","timestamp":1759963215075,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"CAPES","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"PROAP","award":["0531\/2021\/88881.647232\/2021\u201301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0531\/2021\/88881.647232\/2021\u201301"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Phlebotomine sand flies are responsible for transmitting Leishmania (Ross, 1903) species, the etiological agents of leishmaniases, causing impacts on global public health, especially in northeastern Brazil. The state of Rio Grande do Norte has been recording cases of the disease compulsorily since the 1980s, and the last comprehensive and systematic survey of phlebotomine species was completed in 1997. Since then, new infected species have been identified in the country. Our objectives are to update the inventory of phlebotomine species in Rio Grande do Norte , analyze the natural infection by Leishmania, and detect spatial clusters of leishmaniasis incidence in Rio Grande do Norte . Systematic literature reviews and unpublished surveys were used; for spatial analysis, the calculation of the Local Index of Spatial Association and Moran\u2019s Local Index were employed; finally, quantitative PCR targeting the kDNA-7 gene with TaqMan system amplification was used to analyze natural infection. We recorded 30 phlebotomine species, 21 from the literature and 9 newly reported. Three species showed infection with Leishmania infantum (Nicolle, 1908), and we observed the formation of 4 high-incidence clusters of leishmaniases in Rio Grande do Norte . Over 20\u2005yr, there was a significant increase in the number of species recorded in Rio Grande do Norte, since the last survey across the 8 geographic zones of Rio Grande do Norte; additionally, we recorded Psychodopygus wellcomei (Fraiha, Shaw &amp; Lainson, 1971) and Evandromyia walkeri (Newstead, 1914) infected, the latter being the first report of infection with L. infantum. Finally, the cluster formation in the western region of Rio Grande do Norte may be related to local social and economic characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjaf069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T14:40:04Z","timestamp":1751553604000},"page":"1324-1337","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diversity and bioecological characteristics of phlebotominae species (Diptera: Psychodidae) in endemic areas of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis\u2014an update"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0531-0414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel Miranda de","family":"Medeiros Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Development and Environment Postgraduate Program (PRODEMA), Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) , Natal, Rio Grande do Norte ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Entomology Research Laboratory (LABENT), DMP, UFRN , Natal, Rio Grande do Norte ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7597-8860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah Elisabeth Araujo","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Entomology Research Laboratory (LABENT), DMP, UFRN , Natal, Rio Grande do Norte ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1321-1600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virg\u00ednia Pen\u00e9llope","family":"Macedo Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Entomology Research Laboratory (LABENT), DMP, UFRN , Natal, Rio Grande do Norte ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5236-6393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelis Maria","family":"Falc\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine, UFRN , Natal, Rio Grande do Norte ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3432-0929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Ricardo Porfirio do","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine, UFRN , Natal, Rio Grande do Norte ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8064-6255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna Gardel","family":"Valverde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine, UFRN , Natal, Rio Grande do Norte ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4784-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selma Maria Bezerra","family":"Jer\u00f4nimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine, UFRN , Natal, Rio Grande do Norte ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7173-5416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria de F\u00e1tima Freire de Melo","family":"Ximenes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Development and Environment Postgraduate Program (PRODEMA), Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) , Natal, Rio Grande do Norte ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Entomology Research Laboratory (LABENT), DMP, UFRN , Natal, Rio Grande do Norte ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100818171874700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-75544-1","article-title":"Regional distribution and habitats of brazilian phlebotomine species","volume-title":"Brazilian sand flies: Biology, taxonomy, medical importance and control","author":"Aguiar","year":"2018"},{"key":"2025100818171874700_CIT0133","first-page":"131","article-title":"Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a Peri-Urban setting in the metropolitan region of Natal, Brazil","volume-title":"Annals of ISOPS VIII \u2013 International Symposium on Phlebotominae Sand Flies","author":"Alves","year":"2015"},{"key":"2025100818171874700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4322\/rbpv.01901007","article-title":"Monitoring of Lutzomyia longipalpis Lutz & Neiva, 1912 in an area of intense transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in Rio Grande do Norte, Northeast Brazil","volume":"19","author":"Am\u00f3ra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev. 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