{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:24:38Z","timestamp":1792794278968,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health","award":["P20GM103449"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM103449"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04q48ey07","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"New England Center of Excellence in Vector-borne Diseases","award":["U01CK000661"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01CK000661"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CRISPR\/Cas systems have the potential to revolutionize DNA detection of vector-borne pathogens with highly specific and user-friendly assays. One such system, named DNA Endonuclease Targeted CRISPR Trans Reporter (DETECTR), uses a guide RNA (gRNA) and Cas enzyme to bind to and cut DNA targets. Following cutting, Cas12a exhibits non-specific collateral cleavage of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). A ssDNA reporter in the reaction allows the trans-cleavage activity to be harnessed as an amplified output signal upon recognition of the target by the Cas12a\/gRNA complex. We developed a DETECTR assay to detect Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the primary Lyme disease pathogen in the United States, in blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis) collected from forests in southern Vermont. We compared DETECTR to gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified products and used quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) of a different B. burgdorferi primer set for independent confirmation. We found that 123\/125 of the samples had identical results for DETECTR and gel electrophoresis. Both assays identified the same 33 B. burgdorferi-positive samples and the same 90 B. burgdorferi-negative samples. On a subset of eight samples, we tested DETECTR using lateral flow test strips and obtained identical results to those obtained with the fluorescence-based DETECTR. The sensitivity of DETECTR was lower than qPCR, which detected nine additional B. burgdorferi-positive samples. When qPCR is not available, the DETECTR assay offers a robust alternative to gel electrophoresis that is more user-friendly and requires less time. Due to the highly specific nature of the assay, DETECTR provides additional confidence that a B. burgdorferi target is present.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjaf163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T05:40:57Z","timestamp":1762666857000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A CRISPR\/LbCas12a system for\n                    <i>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/i>\n                    sensu stricto detection in blacklegged ticks"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2956-4251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William J","family":"Landesman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, Vermont State University , Johnson, VT,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor R","family":"Hudson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California , Berkeley, CA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2310-121X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha E","family":"Bedore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, Vermont State University , Johnson, VT,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2467-678X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maya C","family":"Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, Vermont State University , Johnson, VT,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew S","family":"Hayden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Dartmouth Health , Lebanon, NH,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1656\/045.026.0307","article-title":"The density of the Lyme disease vector, Ixodes scapularis (blacklegged tick), differs between the Champlain Valley and Green Mountains","volume":"26","author":"Allen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Northeast. Nat. (Steuben)"},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1021\/acssynbio.9b00507","article-title":"Nucleic acid detection using CRISPR\/Cas biosensing technologies","volume":"9","author":"Aman","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Synth. Biol."},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjab169","article-title":"A geographic information system approach to map tick exposure risk at a scale for public health intervention","volume":"59","author":"Baldwin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.09-0208","article-title":"Niche partitioning of Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia miyamotoi in the same tick vector and mammalian reservoir species","volume":"81","author":"Barbour","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.104.028738","article-title":"ospC diversity in Borrelia burgdorferi: different hosts are different niches","volume":"168","author":"Brisson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0513-4","article-title":"CRISPR-Cas12-based detection of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"38","author":"Broughton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/45.1.139","article-title":"Estimating reservoir competence of Borrelia burgdorferi hosts: prevalence and infectivity, sensitivity, and specificity","volume":"45","author":"Brunner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-11-17","article-title":"Patterns and regulation of ribosomal RNA transcription in Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"11","author":"Bugrysheva","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar6245","article-title":"CRISPR-Cas12a target binding unleashes indiscriminate single-stranded DNase activity","volume":"360","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0034524","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00345-24","article-title":"A specific and ultrasensitive Cas12a\/crRNA assay with recombinase polymerase amplification and lateral flow biosensor technology for the rapid detection of Streptococcus pyogenes","volume":"12","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiol. 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Microbiol."},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.78.806","article-title":"The propensity of different Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto genotypes to cause disseminated infections in humans","volume":"78","author":"Dykhuizen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjaa087","article-title":"Tick and tickborne pathogen surveillance as a public health tool in the United States","volume":"58","author":"Eisen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2024.116740","article-title":"An extraction-free one-pot assay for rapid detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae by combining RPA and CRISPR\/Cas12a","volume":"267","author":"Fu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens. 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Borne Dis."},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3518","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.7.3518-3524.1999","article-title":"Four clones of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto cause invasive infection in humans","volume":"67","author":"Seinost","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1656\/045.020.0116","article-title":"Distribution of ticks and prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in the Upper Connecticut River Valley of Vermont","volume":"20","author":"Serra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Northeast. Nat. (Steuben)"},{"key":"2026031200524116300_tjaf163-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13881","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.13881","article-title":"CRISPR-based diagnostics detects invasive insect pests","volume":"24","author":"Shashank","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol. 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