{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T23:53:35Z","timestamp":1781740415638,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"CAPES-PROEX","award":["88887.974046\/2024-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.974046\/2024-00"]}]},{"name":"FAPUR","award":["23083.023398\/2022-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23083.023398\/2022-07"]}]},{"name":"CNPq-MAIDAI","award":["403659\/2020-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["403659\/2020-5"]}]},{"name":"INCT"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010827","name":"IPA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010827","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Innovation in Animal Parasitology","award":["408812\/2024-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["408812\/2024-9"]}]},{"name":"INCT 3D-Health\u20143D Printing and Advanced Materials Applied to Human and Veterinary Health","award":["406436\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["406436\/2022-3"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"FAPERJ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E-26\/210.559\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/210.559\/2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology in 3D"},{"name":"Advanced Materials Applied to Human and Veterinary Health"},{"name":"INCT _3D-Sa"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#406436\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#406436\/2022-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Office to Coordinate Improvement of Higher Education Personnel"},{"name":"Foundation to Support Scientific and Technological Development of Rio de Janeiro Federal Rural University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The New World screwworm (NWS), Cochliomyia hominivorax, is an obligate ectoparasite whose larvae cause severe myiasis, leading to extensive tissue damage and potentially fatal outcomes in dogs if not promptly treated. Dogs play an important epidemiological role in maintaining and disseminating infestations, requiring rapid and effective therapeutic options. Fipronil (FIP) is an insecticide widely used for ectoparasite control with systemic efficacy after oral administration to different species, representing a promising alternative for treating canine myiasis. This study describes the development of molded FIP chewable tablets, the evaluation of its pharmacokinetics, and its clinical efficacy in dogs naturally infested by NWS larvae. For pharmacokinetic assessment, eight healthy dogs received a single dose (6\u2009mg\/kg) chewable tablet, and blood samples were collected at selected time points to determine plasma concentrations. To assess efficacy, eight dogs naturally infested with NWS larvae received the same dosage. Larvae expelled from hosts were collected over 24\u2009h, after which remaining larvae were mechanically removed. The tablets met established quality control criteria. Following oral administration, FIP was rapidly absorbed, being detectable 30\u2009min after treatment and reaching a maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of 3126.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091269.5\u2009ng\/mL at 2.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.94\u2009h (Tmax). Clinically, larval expulsion increased progressively from 2\u2009h onward, reaching 97.8% effectiveness within 24\u2009h. No live larvae were observed in the lesions at the end of evaluation, resulting in 100% overall effectiveness. These findings demonstrate that the FIP chewable tablet is a viable alternative option for treating canine myiasis from NWS larval infestation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjag082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T23:27:31Z","timestamp":1781738851000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fipronil chewable tablets: development, pharmacokinetic profile, and efficacy in treating beagles naturally infested with\n                    <i>Cochliomyia hominivorax<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Isabelle Vilela","family":"Bonfim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Veterinary Sciences Program, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debora Azevedo","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Veterinary Sciences Program, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Rocha","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Veterinary Sciences Program, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8254-8157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Julia Bessa","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Veterinary Sciences Program, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara Rodrigues","family":"Dutra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Veterinary Sciences Program, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Kuhfuss da Silva","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Science Department, Health and Biological Science Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taynara","family":"Monsores e Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Veterinary Sciences Program, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thais Paes","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Parasitology Department, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5620-2483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme","family":"Klafke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Veterinary Sciences Program, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisas Veterin\u00e1rias Desid\u00e9rio Finamor , Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3045-8787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thais","family":"Ribeiro Correia Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Veterinary Sciences Program, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Animal Parasitology Department, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio Barbour","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Veterinary Sciences Program, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Animal Parasitology Department, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0775-0704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yara Peluso","family":"Cid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Veterinary Sciences Program, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Pharmaceutical Science Department, Health and Biological Science Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Serop\u00e9dica, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B1","volume-title":"Farmacopeia Brasileira","author":"Ag\u00eancia Nacional de Vigil\u00e2ncia Sanit\u00e1ria","year":"2024","edition":"7th ed"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2016.02.008","article-title":"Injectable fipronil for cattle: plasma disposition and efficacy against Rhipicephalus microplus","volume":"220","author":"Cid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.06.019","article-title":"Larvicidal efficacy of nitenpyram on the treatment of myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in dogs","volume":"173","author":"Correia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-29612019059","article-title":"A review on the occurrence of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Brazil","volume":"28","author":"Costa-J\u00fanior","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2021.100569","article-title":"Efficacy of afoxolaner (NexGard\u00ae) on the treatment of myiasis caused by the New World screwworm fly Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in naturally infested dogs","volume":"24","author":"Cutolo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Reports"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2018.06.006","article-title":"Efficacy of spinosad on the treatment of myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in dogs","volume":"258","author":"De Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2019.108966","article-title":"Efficacy of sarolaner on the treatment of myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in dogs","volume":"276","author":"De Oliveira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.22490\/24629448.2082","article-title":"Identification of myiasis-producing larvae obtained from the strain of the Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca with public health importance","volume":"15","author":"D\u00edaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nova"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05661-z","article-title":"Efficacy of lotilaner against myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in naturally infested dogs","volume":"16","author":"Do Vale","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-019-1571-0","article-title":"Fipronil tablets: development and pharmacokinetic profile in beagle dogs","volume":"21","author":"Dos Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"AAPS J"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.13004","article-title":"Oral pharmacokinetic profile of fipronil and efficacy against flea and tick in dogs","volume":"45","author":"Dos Santos","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1603\/ME10153","article-title":"Genetic structure and demographic history of new world screwworm across its current geographic range","volume":"48","author":"Fresia","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B13","volume-title":"Myiasis and animals in the neotropical region: bibliographic database","author":"Guimar\u00e3es","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60073-1","article-title":"Myiasis of humans and domestic animals","volume":"35","author":"Hall","year":"1995","journal-title":"Adv. Parasitol"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.4236\/ojvm.2015.52004","article-title":"Preference of dogs between two commercially available oral formulations of ectoparasiticide containing isoxazolines, afoxolaner or fluralaner","volume":"05","author":"Halos","year":"2015","journal-title":"OJVM"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B16","first-page":"166","article-title":"Factors influencing drug absorption and drug availability","volume":"2","author":"Hoener","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mod. Pharmaceut"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1007\/s10493-019-00404-1","article-title":"Economic performance evaluation of Brangus and Nellore cattle breed naturally infested with Rhipicephalus microplus in an extensive production system in Central-West Brazil","volume":"78","author":"Junior","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Appl. Acarol"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.11.006","article-title":"Confirmation of the efficacy of a novel fipronil spot-on for the treatment and control of fleas, ticks and chewing lice on dogs","volume":"193","author":"Ku\u017ener","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.05.243","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of neonicotinoids and fipronil and its metabolites in environmental water from coastal bay using disk-based solid-phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"234","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2017.05.005","article-title":"The effectiveness of a fixed-dose combination pour-on formulation of 1.25% fipronil and 2.5% fluazuron against economically important ectoparasites and associated pharmacokinetics in cattle","volume":"66","author":"Lopes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitol. Int"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1081\/CLT-200041784","article-title":"Acute human self-poisoning with the N-phenylpyrazole insecticide fipronil: a GABAA-gated chloride channel blocker","volume":"42","author":"Mohamed","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Toxicol"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B22","first-page":"38","article-title":"Chewable tablets: a review of formulation considerations","volume":"44","author":"Nyamweya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharma. Technol."},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.4236\/ojvm.2014.48018","article-title":"Comparison of the palatability of a new Flavoured Drontal\u00ae plus tablet (Drontal\u00ae plus treat 10 kg) and Milbemax\u00ae chewable tablets when presented to privately owned dogs","volume":"4","author":"Petry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Open J. Vet. Med"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04258-0","article-title":"Efficacy of a low-dose fipronil bait against blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis) larvae feeding on white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) under laboratory conditions","volume":"13","author":"Poch\u00e9","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05689-1","article-title":"Development of a low-dose fipronil deer feed: evaluation of efficacy against two medically important tick species parasitizing white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) under pen conditions","volume":"16","author":"Poch\u00e9","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1603\/ME12259","article-title":"Evaluation of fipronil oral dosing to cattle for control of adult and larval sand flies under controlled conditions","volume":"50","author":"Poch\u00e9","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-0883-0","article-title":"Treatment of livestock with systemic insecticides for control of Anopheles arabiensis in western Kenya","volume":"14","author":"Poch\u00e9","year":"2015","journal-title":"Malar. J"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/jvec.12252","article-title":"Efficacy of a fipronil bait in reducing the number of fleas (Oropsylla spp.) infesting wild black-tailed prairie dogs","volume":"42","author":"Poch\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Vector Ecol"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.111316","article-title":"A comprehensive review of environmental fate and degradation of fipronil and its toxic metabolites","volume":"199","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjy049","article-title":"Screwworm (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in the United States: response to and elimination of the 2016\u20132017 outbreak in Florida","volume":"55","author":"Skoda","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4514","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26154514","article-title":"Lipemia in the plasma sample affects fentanyl measurements by means of HPLC-MS2 after liquid-liquid extraction","volume":"26","author":"Tikhomirov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003035572-29","volume-title":"Sterile insect technique","author":"Vargas-Ter\u00e1n","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026061719272608300_tjag082-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05289.x","article-title":"Screwworm eradication in the americas","volume":"916","author":"Wyss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. N Y Acad. Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/63\/3\/tjag082\/68543224\/tjag082.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/63\/3\/tjag082\/68543224\/tjag082.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T23:27:33Z","timestamp":1781738853000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jme\/tjag082\/8710037"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Pia","family":"Olafson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jme\/tjag082","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-2928"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-2928","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"article-number":"tjag082"}}