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Virginia spans multiple ecoregions and broad elevational gradient, yet statewide surveillance remains limited and concentrated near urban centers. To address surveillance gaps, we surveyed mosquitoes across four ecologically distinct sites in Virginia during 2022 to evaluate species diversity, bloodfeeding patterns, and environmental predictors of occurrence. Using CDC light traps, gravid traps, and supplemental aspiration, we collected 7,781 mosquitoes representing 34 species. Community composition varied significantly among sites: the Coastal Plain exhibited the greatest abundance and richness, while montane and urban sites supported lower but distinct assemblages. Several medically important and invasive species\u2014including Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Aedes japonicus (Theobald), Culex pipiens\/quinquefasciatus, Culiseta inornata (Williston), and the range-expanding Culex coronator (Dyar &amp; Knab) and Culex nigripalpus (Theobald) were detected, providing new regional records beyond previously documented localities. Bloodmeal analysis from 18 specimens revealed predominantly mammalian feeding, with white\u2011tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus [Zimmermann]) comprising over 80% of identified hosts across taxa. Avian and amphibian hosts occurred at lower frequencies, indicating diverse host\u2013vector interactions relevant to enzootic transmission. Random forest models identified elevation and trap type as the strongest predictors of species-specific occurrence, with climatic factors exerting secondary effects. Together, these findings show that mosquito distribution and host selection in Virginia are shaped by interacting ecological and environmental drivers, underscoring the need for expanded, ecologically informed surveillance to improve assessments of vector\u2011borne disease risk in the region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjag150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T16:53:15Z","timestamp":1789836795000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mosquito diversity, range-expanding species, and host-feeding patterns across Virginia\u2019s heterogeneous landscapes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5754-5560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John A","family":"Muller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krisangel","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1052-3839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna M","family":"Reinhold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manette","family":"Tanelus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1949-7865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Lahond\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"The Global Change Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"The Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally E","family":"Paulson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7596-1808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chad E","family":"Mire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services, National Bio and Agro-defense Facility, Foreign Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit , Manhattan, KS,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9048-0041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert J","family":"Auguste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, VA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026102810441908200_tjag150-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1964.13.450","article-title":"St Louis encephalitis virus isolations in Trinidad, West Indies, 1953-1962","volume":"13","author":"Aitken","year":"1964","journal-title":"Am. 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