{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T06:10:30Z","timestamp":1790489430244,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,30]],"date-time":"2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Entomological Society of America Monsanto Research"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016460","name":"Jayne Koskinas and Ted Giovannis Foundation for Health and Policy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016460","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"P.E.O. Scholar"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003896","name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003896","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Amblyomma americanum (L.) is a human-biting ixodid tick distributed throughout much of the southeastern United States. Rickettsia parkeri is a member of the spotted fever group rickettsiae and causes a febrile illness in humans commonly referred to as \u201cTidewater spotted fever\u201d or \u201cR. parkeri rickettsiosis.\u201d Although the Gulf Coast tick, Amblyomma maculatum Koch, is the primary vector of R. parkeri, a small proportion of A. americanum have also been shown to harbor R. parkeri. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether R. parkeri is spilling over into A. americanum in eastern Virginia and also to determine through laboratory experiments, whether A. americanum can acquire R. parkeri by cofeeding alongside infected ticks. Of 317 wild-caught, flat adult A. americanum tested from 29 counties and independent cities in coastal Virginia, a single female A. americanum was positive for R. parkeri, suggesting that R. parkeri is spilling over into this species, but at very low rates (&amp;lt;1.0%). Laboratory studies using guinea pigs indicated that nymphal A. americanum were able to acquire R. parkeri while feeding alongside infected A. maculatum and then transstadially maintain the infection. Nymphal A. americanum infected with Rickettsia amblyommii, however, were less likely to acquire R. parkeri, suggesting that infection with R. amblyommii may prevent R. parkeri from establishing infection in A. americanum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjv086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T01:35:15Z","timestamp":1435714515000},"page":"1090-1095","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["<i>Rickettsia parkeri<\/i> Transmission to <i>Amblyomma americanum<\/i> by Cofeeding with <i>Amblyomma maculatum<\/i> (Acari: Ixodidae) and Potential for Spillover"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Chelsea L.","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Sonenshine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly D.","family":"Gaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529."},{"name":"2 School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University Road, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne L.","family":"Hynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529."},{"name":"3 Corresponding author, e-mail: whynes@odu.edu."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025052700565764600_tjv086-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780471729259.mca04es11","article-title":"Growth and maintenance of Vero cell lines","author":"Ammerman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. 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Entomol."},{"key":"2025052700565764600_tjv086-B7","first-page":"257","article-title":"Additional collections of the Gulf Coast tick, Amblyomma maculatum (Acari: Ixodidae), from the State of Delaware, the first reported field collections of adult specimens from the State of Maryland, and data regarding this tick species from surveillance of migratory songbirds in Maryland","volume":"19","author":"Florin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Syst. Appl. Acarol."},{"key":"2025052700565764600_tjv086-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2011.0654","article-title":"High rates of Rickettsia parkeri infection in Gulf Coast ticks (Amblyomma maculatum) and identification of \u201cCandidatus Rickettsia andeanae\u201d from Fairfax County, Virginia","volume":"11","author":"Fornadel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis."},{"key":"2025052700565764600_tjv086-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2013.1509","article-title":"Ehrlichia and spotted fever group rickettsiae surveillance in Amblyomma americanum in Virginia through use of a novel six-plex real-time PCR assay","volume":"14","author":"Gaines","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis."},{"key":"2025052700565764600_tjv086-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01197925","article-title":"Comparison of flagging, walking, trapping, and collecting from hosts as sampling methods for northern deer ticks, Ixodes dammini, and lone-star ticks, Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae)","volume":"7","author":"Ginsberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Exp. 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