{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T12:28:53Z","timestamp":1772022533208,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/about_us\/legal\/notices"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,4]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjx236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T07:15:14Z","timestamp":1513840514000},"page":"553-560","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Egg and Larval Morphology of Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Lucy A","family":"Abubekerov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bradley A","family":"Mullens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1093\/aesa\/71.3.411","article-title":"Effects of rearing temperature and larval density on longevity, size, and fecundity in the biting gnat Culicoides variipennis","volume":"71","author":"Akey","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.3879.1.1","article-title":"The pupae of the biting midges of the world (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), with a generic key and analysis of the phylogenetic relationships between genera","volume":"3879","author":"Borkent","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zootaxa"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1206\/0003-0082(2004)449<0001:AWALAL>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Austroconops Wirth and Lee, a lower cretaceous genus of biting midges yet living in western Australia: a new species, first description of the immatures and discussion of their biology and phylogeny","volume":"3449","author":"Borkent","year":"2004","journal-title":"Amer. Mus. Novitates"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1163\/187631290X00166","article-title":"First instar larvae of Corethrella appendiculata Grabham have a prothoracic proleg (Diptera: Corethrellidae)","volume":"21","author":"Borkent","year":"1990","journal-title":"Entomol. Scandinavica"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0005","first-page":"839","article-title":"Descriptions of immature stages of six Culicoides Latreille spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from desert mountain ranges in Southern California, with notes on life histories and rearing technique","volume":"101","author":"Breidenbaugh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO9750203","article-title":"Oogenesis in Culicoides brevitarsis Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and the development of a plastron-like layer on the egg","volume":"23","author":"Campbell","year":"1975","journal-title":"Aust. J. Zool"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0007","first-page":"363","article-title":"Ultrastructure of the eggs of Culicoides molestus (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)","volume":"14","author":"Cribb","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0008","first-page":"76","article-title":"Ultrastructure of the eggs of Culicoides circumscriptus, Culicoides gejgelensis, and Culicoides imicola (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)","volume":"13","author":"Day","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Am. Mosquito Contr. Assoc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1080\/00222931908673831","article-title":"XXXIV- A note on the egg-burster of Eucephalous fly larvae","volume":"3","author":"Edwards","year":"1919","journal-title":"Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0010","first-page":"105","article-title":"Comparative morphology of larvae of biting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae)","volume":"2","author":"Glukhova","year":"1968","journal-title":"Parazitologiya"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-37.1.65","article-title":"Sympatry in the Culicoides variipennis complex (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae): a taxonomic reassessment","volume":"37","author":"Holbrook","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0012","first-page":"68","volume-title":"A procedural manual for the large-scale rearing of the biting midge Culicoides variipennis (Diptera:Ceratopogonidae)","author":"Hunt","year":"1994"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0013","volume-title":"The Culicoides of New York State (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)","author":"Jamnback","year":"1965"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000018436","article-title":"On the blood-sucking midge Culicoidesvexans Stager, including the description of its eggs and the first-stage larva","volume":"43","author":"Jobling","year":"1953","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.7601\/mez.40.55","article-title":"Ultrastructural comparison of egg surface structure of seven Culicoides species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Japan","volume":"40","author":"Kariya","year":"1989","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Sanit. Zool"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1017\/S000748530002945X","article-title":"The early stages of British biting midges Culicoides Latreille (Ceratopogonidae: Diptera) and allied genera","volume":"43","author":"Kettle","year":"1952","journal-title":"Bull. Entomol. Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2311.1951.tb00760.x","article-title":"The anatomy and morphology of the early stages of Culicoides nubeculosus Meigen (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae= Heleidae)","volume":"102","author":"Lawson","year":"1951","journal-title":"Trans. Roy. Ent. Soc. Lond"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/23.5.473","article-title":"Swimming behavior of the larva of Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and its relationship to temperature and viscosity","volume":"23","author":"Linley","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/00222936408651449","article-title":"A description of the larvae and pupae of Culicoides furens Poey, and Culicoides hoffmani Fox (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)","volume":"7","author":"Linley","year":"1964","journal-title":"Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1603\/ME14049","article-title":"Desiccation tolerance in the eggs of the primary North American bluetongue virus vector, Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), and implications for vector persistence","volume":"51","author":"McDermott","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0021","first-page":"60","article-title":"The biology and feeding behavior of ceratopogonid larvae (Ceratopogonidae: Diptera) in North America","volume":"13","author":"Mullen","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Vector Ecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0022","first-page":"512","article-title":"Seasonal size variability in Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern California","volume":"3","author":"Mullens","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/24.5.566","article-title":"Larval population dynamics of Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern California","volume":"24","author":"Mullens","year":"1987","journal-title":"j. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0024","first-page":"207","article-title":"Efficiency of salt flotation for extraction of immature Culicoides variipennis (Ceratopogonidae) from mud substrates","volume":"44","author":"Mullens","year":"1984","journal-title":"Mosquito News"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/31.1.175","article-title":"Rearing Culicoides variipennis sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) on agar and nematodes","volume":"31","author":"Mullens","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0026","first-page":"269","article-title":"Comparative larval morphology of the genus Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in North America with a key to species","volume":"16","author":"Murphree","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. Vect. Ecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nunamaker, R. A., NunamakerC. E. and WickB. C.. 1987. A scanning electron microscopic study of the eggs of Culicoides variipennis (Ceratopogonidae: Diptera), pp. 884\u2013885. InG. W.Bailey (ed.), Proceedings of the 45th Ann. Mtg. Electron Microscopy Soc. Amer., San Francisco Press, inc. Box 6800, San Francisco, CA.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0424820100128705"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ento-010814-020614","article-title":"Bionomics of temperate and tropical Culicoides: Knowledge gaps and consequences for transmission of Culicoides-borne diseases","volume":"60","author":"Purse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Entomol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.3157\/0013-872X-119.4.371","article-title":"Osmoregulatory organs of immature Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in North America","volume":"119","author":"Reeves","year":"2008","journal-title":"Entomol. News"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1093\/aesa\/sav119","article-title":"The pupa of Culicoides sonorensis Wirth and Jones (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)- first detailed description of this stage of the bluetongue virus vector","volume":"109","author":"Shults","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.en.41.010196.000323","article-title":"Culicoides variipennis and bluetongue-virus epidemiology in the United States","volume":"41","author":"Tabachnick","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Entomol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180504043637_CIT0032","article-title":"Field distribution and density of Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) eggs in dairy wastewater habitats","author":"Wong","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/55\/3\/553\/24785901\/tjx236.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,24]],"date-time":"2020-10-24T17:01:46Z","timestamp":1603558906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jme\/article\/55\/3\/553\/4769283"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jme\/tjx236","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2585","1938-2928"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2585","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2928","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]]}}}