{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T14:15:41Z","timestamp":1770905741768,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]],"date-time":"2019-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Cimex hemipterus resistance to residual insecticides is a growing public health concern worldwide. Herein, we report the susceptibility status of C. hemipterus against pyrethroid (permethrin) and organophosphate (dichlorvos) insecticides in Dar es Salaam. The knockdown efficacy of dichlorvos (99%) was greater than that of permethrin (43%), and mortality at the end of 24 h was also greater for dichlorvos than for permethrin. Mortality in recommended concentration of permethrin was lower than manufacturer\u2019s expectations. In contrast, similar concentrations in dichlorvos resulted into mortality of 100% at the end of 24 h. LC50 and LC95 values for permethrin were 3.36 (2.356\u20134.364) and 2,887.39 (2,886.37\u20132,888.39), respectively, whereas those of dichlorvos were 7.91 (3.85\u201311.97) and 44.39 (40.33\u201348.45). Dar es Salaam city has high coverage and usage of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) for prevent malaria. The resistance in bedbugs to permethrin may be related to the widespread use of the insecticide in LLINs. We recommend of the change from pyrethroids dichlorvos for the control of bedbugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjz173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]],"date-time":"2019-10-11T03:44:14Z","timestamp":1570765454000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Susceptibility Status of Bedbugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Against Pyrethroid and Organophosphate Insecticides in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Germana T","family":"Baraka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno A","family":"Nyundo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adelina","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beda J","family":"Mwang\u2019onde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8891-758X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eliningaya J","family":"Kweka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences-Bugando, Mwanza, Tanzania"},{"name":"Division of Livestock and Human Disease Vector Control, Tropical Pesticides Research Institute, Arusha Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019101103284498300_CIT0001","first-page":"24","article-title":"Bedbug infestations in the news: a picture of an emerging public health problem in the United States","volume":"70","author":"Anderson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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