{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:11:56Z","timestamp":1760026316046},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research","award":["20K07559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K07559"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows","award":["19J40132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19J40132"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A small number of oncogenic mutated cells sporadically arise within the epithelial monolayer. Newly emerging Ras- or Src-transformed epithelial cells are often apically eliminated during competitive interactions between normal and transformed cells. Our recent electron microscopy (EM) analyses revealed that characteristic finger-like membrane protrusions are formed at the interface between normal and RasV12-transformed cells via the cdc42\u2013formin-binding protein 17 (FBP17) pathway, potentially playing a positive role in intercellular recognition during apical extrusion. However, the spatial distribution and ultrastructural characteristics of finger-like protrusions remain unknown. In this study, we performed both X\u2013Y and X\u2013Z EM analyses of finger-like protrusions during the apical extrusion of RasV12-transformed cells. Quantification of the distribution and widths of the protrusions showed comparable results between the X\u2013Y and X\u2013Z sections. Finger-like protrusions were observed throughout the cell boundary between normal and RasV12 cells, except for apicalmost tight junctions. In addition, a non-cell-autonomous reduction in protrusion widths was observed between RasV12 cells and surrounding normal cells under the mix culture condition. In the finger-like protrusions, intercellular adhesions via thin electron-dense plaques were observed, implying that immature and transient forms of desmosomes, adherens junctions or unknown weak adhesions were distributed. Interestingly, unlike RasV12-transformed cells, Src-transformed cells form fewer evident protrusions, and FBP17 in Src cells is dispensable for apical extrusion. Collectively, these results suggest that the dynamic reorganization of intercellular adhesions via finger-like protrusions may positively control cell competition between normal and RasV12-transformed cells. Furthermore, our data indicate a cell context\u2013dependent diversity in the modes of apical extrusion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jmicro\/dfac017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T14:30:37Z","timestamp":1649428237000},"page":"195-205","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ultrastructural characteristics of finger-like membrane protrusions in cell competition"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Kamasaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University; Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0815, Japan"},{"name":"Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Uehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University; Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0815, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022080109391962400_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.079129","article-title":"Cell competition: how to eliminate your neighbours","volume":"141","author":"Amoyel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2022080109391962400_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.11.030","article-title":"Cell competition","volume":"21","author":"Baker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. 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