{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T01:32:52Z","timestamp":1781919172415,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1972,12,1]],"date-time":"1972-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":92016000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1972,12]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]],"date-time":"2018-01-18T07:26:53Z","timestamp":1516260413000},"page":"1709-1718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["Biological Activity of the Vitamin D Metabolite 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol in Chickens and Rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Anthony W.","family":"Norman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard G.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/24.11.1346","article-title":"Evidence for a new kidney-produced hormone, 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, the proposed biologically active form of vitamin D.","volume":"24","author":"Norman","year":"1971","journal-title":"Amer. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106093","article-title":"The role of the liver in the metabolism of vitamin.","volume":"48","author":"Ponchon","year":"1969","journal-title":"Invest."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1038\/228764a0","article-title":"Unique biosynthesis by kidney of a biologically active vitamin D metabolite","volume":"228","author":"Fraser","year":"1970","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(71)90015-5","article-title":"Studies on calciferol metabolism. I. Production of vitamin D metabolite 4B from 25-OH-cholecalciferol by kidney homogenates.","volume":"42","author":"Norman","year":"1971","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1126\/science.172.3989.1232","article-title":"Vitamin D metabolism: the role of kidney tissue.","volume":"172","author":"Gray","year":"1971","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-128X(71)90078-X","article-title":"Studies on calciferol metabolism. II. Tritium loss from tritiated vitamin D3 and the possible structure of the proposed nuclear regulator of intestinal calcium transport","volume":"17","author":"Myrtle","year":"1971","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib7","first-page":"3317","article-title":"25-Hydroxycholecalciferol.","volume":"7","author":"Blunt","year":"1969","journal-title":"A biologically active metabolite of vitamin D3. Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsai, H. C., R. G. Wong and A. W. Norman 1972 Studies on calciferol metabolism. IV. Subcellular localization of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in intestinal mucosa and correlation with increased calcium transport. J. Biol. Chem. 247: 5511.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(20)81135-1"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wong, R. G., J. F. Myrtle, H. C. Tsai and A. W. Norman 1972 Studies on calciferol metabolism. V. The occurrence and biological activity of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 in bone. J. Biol. Chem. 247: 5728 .","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)44820-5"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)39495-5","article-title":"A new chromatographic system for vitamin D and its metabolites: resolution of a new vitamin D3 metabolite.","volume":"12","author":"Hollick","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1126\/science.171.3966.79","article-title":"Vitamin D: A cholecalciferol metabolite highly active in promoting intestinal calcium transport.","volume":"171","author":"Myrtle","year":"1971","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.68.1.177","article-title":"A rapidly acting metabolite of vitamin D.","volume":"68","author":"Haussler","year":"1971","journal-title":"Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib13","unstructured":"League of Nations: Quarterly Bulletin of the Health Organization 1935 Memorandum on the International Standard for vitamin D and its application. Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 540."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/102.10.1243","article-title":"Problems relating to the definition of an international unit for vitamin D and its metabolites.","volume":"102","author":"Norman","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(69)90349-9","article-title":"Comparative biological effects of vitamins D2 and D_3 and dihydrotachysterol 2 and dihydrotachysterols in the chick.","volume":"18","author":"Hibberd","year":"1969","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)63812-3","article-title":"Studies on the mechanism of action of calciferol. I. Basic parameters of vitamin D-mediated calcium transport.","volume":"245","author":"Adams","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Norman, A. W. 1972 Problems relating to the definition of an international unit for vitamin D and its metabolites. J. Nutr. 102: 1243.","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/102.10.1243"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/57.4.449","article-title":"Vitamin D and growth.","volume":"57","author":"Steenbock","year":"1955","journal-title":"J. Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1961.200.6.1256","article-title":"Active transport of calcium by intestine: effects of dietary calcium.","volume":"200","author":"Kimberg","year":"1961","journal-title":"Amer. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4055","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)93278-3","article-title":"The association of a metabolite of vitamin D3 with intestinal mucosa chromatin in vivo.","volume":"243","author":"Haussler","year":"1968","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1126\/science.173.3991.51","article-title":"1, 25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol: Identification of the proposed active form of vitamin D in the intestine.","volume":"173","author":"Norman","year":"1971","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)63306-X","article-title":"Evidence for the biologically active form of cholecalciferol in the intestine.","volume":"245","author":"Myrtle","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.62.1.155","article-title":"Chromosomal receptor for a vitamin D metabolite","volume":"62","author":"Haussler","year":"1969","journal-title":"Proc. N. A. S,"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawson, D. E. M., P. W. Wilson and E. Kodicek 1969 Metabolism of vitamin D. A new cholecalciferol metabolite, involving loss of hydrogen at C-1, in chick intestinal nuclei. Biochem. J. 115: 269.","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1150269"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1120255","article-title":"An improved system for the separation of metabolites of isotopically labeled vitamin D3 on silicic acid columns.","volume":"112","author":"Mawer","year":"1969","journal-title":"Biochem. J"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(70)90155-4","article-title":"Metabolism of [1, 2]3H-vitamin D3 and [26, 27]3H-25-hydroxyvitaminD3 in rachitic chicks.","volume":"141","author":"Ponchon","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib27","first-page":"561","article-title":"Studies on calciferol metabolism. III. Comparison of species distribution and chromatographic separation of vitamin D metabolites.","volume":"78","author":"Norman","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1038\/230228a0","article-title":"Identification of 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, a new kidney hormone controlling calcium metabolism.","volume":"230","author":"Lawson","year":"1971","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2799","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00790a023","article-title":"1, 25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol, a metabolite of vitamin D active in intestine.","volume":"10","author":"Holick","year":"1971","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kodicek, E., D. E. M. Lawson and P. W Wilson 1970 Biological activity of a polar metabolite of vitamin D3. Nature 228: 763.","DOI":"10.1038\/228763a0"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00791a022","article-title":"Biological activity of 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.","volume":"10","author":"Omdahl","year":"1971","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(71)90163-9","article-title":"Bone mineral mobilization activity of 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, a metabolite of vitamin D.","volume":"146","author":"Tanaka","year":"1971","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106923","article-title":"Biologic effects of 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (a highly active vitamin D metabolite) in acutely uremic rats.","volume":"51","author":"Wong","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1126\/science.175.4023.768","article-title":"1, 25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol: a potent stimulator of bone resorption in tissue culture.","volume":"175","author":"Raisz","year":"1972","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/22.4.412","article-title":"25-Hydroxycholecalciferol, the probably metabolically active form of vitamin D.","volume":"22","author":"DeLuca","year":"1969","journal-title":"Amer. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ponchon, G., and H. F. DeLuca 1969Me- tabolites of vitamin D3 and their biologic activity. J. Nutr. 99: 157.","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/99.2.157"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(71)90320-1","article-title":"1, 25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol: the metabolite of vitamin D responsible for increased intestinal calcium transport.","volume":"147","author":"Frolick","year":"1971","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brickman, A. S., J. W. Coburn and A. W. Norman. Action of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, a potent, kidney-produced metabolite of vitamin D3, in uremic man. N. Engl. J. Med. Nov. 1972.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197211022871801"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316623002584?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316623002584?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jn\/article-pdf\/102\/12\/1709\/24059700\/jn1020121709.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T20:42:56Z","timestamp":1686602576000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022316623002584"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1972,12]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1972,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022316623002584"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1972,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Biological Activity of the Vitamin D Metabolite 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol in Chickens and Rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jn\/102.12.1709","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 1972 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}