{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T08:34:24Z","timestamp":1769243664386,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,1]],"date-time":"2006-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1146441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6125,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,16]],"date-time":"2018-01-16T06:52:28Z","timestamp":1516085548000},"page":"1365-1370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["The Effect of Vitamin A Supplementation on the Intestinal Immune Response in Mexican Children Is Modified by Pathogen Infections and Diarrhea"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Kurt Z","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Estrada-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge L","family":"Rosado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose Ignacio","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meredith","family":"Haas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathew","family":"Firestone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jui","family":"Bhagwat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herbert L","family":"DuPont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Hertzmark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nanda N","family":"Nanthakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib1","series-title":"Nutrition policy paper.","article-title":"Effectiveness of vitamin A supplementation in the control of young child mortality in developing countries","author":"Beaton","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)91879-Q","article-title":"Vitamin A supplementation in northern Ghana: effects on clinic attendances, hospital admissions, and child mortality","volume":"342","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03500070078033","article-title":"Vitamin A supplementation and child mortality. A meta-analysis","volume":"269","author":"Fawzi","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/126.2.434","article-title":"Vitamin A supplementation fails to reduce incidence of acute respiratory illness and diarrhea in preschool-age Indonesian children","volume":"126","author":"Dibley","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/61.6.1295","article-title":"Vitamin A supplementation and morbidity among preschool children in south India","volume":"61","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib6","series-title":"Bacterial infections of humans.","article-title":"Escherichia coli diarrhea","author":"DuPont","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib7","series-title":"Manual of Clinical Microbiology,","article-title":"Enterobacteriacea","author":"Farmer","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.2002.00600.x","article-title":"Cellular responses and cytokine profiles in Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infected patients","volume":"24","author":"Geiger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/171.2.376","article-title":"Cytokine secretion in acute shigellosis is correlated with disease activity and directed more to stool","volume":"171","author":"Raqib","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(90)90067-3","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency impairs cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity in Newcastle disease virus-infected chickens","volume":"26","author":"Sijtsma","year":"1990","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.4.8.2110538","article-title":"Antibody production in vitamin A-depleted rats is impaired after immunization with bacterial polysaccharide or protein antigens","volume":"4","author":"Pasatiempo","year":"1990","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib12","first-page":"431","article-title":"Early humoral immune response in vitamin A deficiency","volume":"26","author":"Lavasa","year":"1988","journal-title":"Indian J Exp Biol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.4.1515","article-title":"In vitamin A deficiency multiple mechanisms establish a regulatory T helper cell imbalance with excess Th1 and insufficient Th2 function","volume":"152","author":"Cantorna","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830250629","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency results in a priming environment conducive for Th1 cell development","volume":"25","author":"Cantorna","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1126\/science.285.5427.588","article-title":"Role of bacterial intimin in colonic hyperplasia and inflammation","volume":"285","author":"Higgins","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520310000663","article-title":"Amelioration of murine colitis by feeding a solution of lysed Escherichia coli.","volume":"2","author":"Konrad","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib17","series-title":"Clinical microbiology procedures handbook.","author":"Isenberg","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1968.17.382","article-title":"Evaluation of Kato thick-smear technique for quantitative diagnosis of helminth infections","volume":"17","author":"Martin","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268802007070","article-title":"Faecal contamination and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in street-vended chili sauces in Mexico and its public health relevance","volume":"129","author":"Estrada-Garcia","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib20","series-title":"Categorical data analysis.","author":"Agresti","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780111304","article-title":"Repeated measures in clinical trials: analysis using mean summary statistics and its implications for design","volume":"11","author":"Frison","year":"1992","journal-title":"Stat Med."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib22","series-title":"Estado nutrocio de ninos y mujeres en Mexico.","article-title":"Encuesta Nacional de Nutricion 1999","author":"Rivera Dommarco","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.2.388","article-title":"Characterization of a helper T lymphocyte defect in vitamin A-deficient mice","volume":"142","author":"Carman","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.5.1132","article-title":"High level dietary vitamin A enhances T-helper type 2 cytokine production and secretory immunoglobulin A response to influenza A virus infection in BALB\/c mice","volume":"130","author":"Cui","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3736","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.12.3736","article-title":"Retinoic acid enhances the T helper 2 cell development that is essential for robust antibody responses through its action on antigen-presenting cells","volume":"132","author":"Hoag","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/129.5.934","article-title":"Vitamin A prevents the decline in immunoglobulin A and Th2 cytokine levels in small intestinal mucosa of protein-malnourished mice","volume":"129","author":"Nikawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.54.2.125","article-title":"Retinoic acid inhibits interleukin-1-induced ctyokine synthesis in human monocytes","volume":"54","author":"Gross","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib28","first-page":"19","article-title":"Retinoic acid inhibition of IL-1-induced IL-6 production by human lung fibroblasts","volume":"152","author":"Zitnick","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.2002.00600.x","article-title":"Cellular responses and cytokine profiles in Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infected patients","volume":"24","author":"Geiger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.1.103-113.2005","article-title":"Role of EspA and intimin in expression of proinflammatory cytokines from enterocytes and lymphocytes by rabbit enteropathogenic Escherichia coli-infected rabbits","volume":"73","author":"Ramirez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect Immun."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxg101","article-title":"Retinoic acids exert direct effects on T cells to suppress Th1 development and enhance Th2 development via retinoic receptors","volume":"15","author":"Iwata","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int Immunol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04489.x","article-title":"All-trans retinoic acid skews monocyte differentiation into interluekin-12-secreting dendritic-like cells","volume":"122","author":"Mohty","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0805.010385","article-title":"Typical and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.","volume":"8","author":"Trabulsi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3348","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.6.2248-2254.1995","article-title":"Products of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli inhibit lymphocyte activation and lymphokine production","volume":"63","author":"Klapproth","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infect Immun."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.4.2148-2155.2000","article-title":"A large toxin from pathogenic Escherichia coli strains that inhibit lymphocyte activation","volume":"68","author":"Klapproth","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infect Immun."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4185","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.11.4185-4190.2002","article-title":"Rate of occurrence and pathogenic effect of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli virulence factors in international travelers","volume":"40","author":"Jiang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1086\/339617","article-title":"Markers of inflammation in bacterial diarrhea among travelers, with a focus on enteroaggregative Escherichia coli pathogenicity","volume":"185","author":"Greenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316622082566?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316622082566?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jn\/article-pdf\/136\/5\/1365\/23896578\/1365.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T12:44:12Z","timestamp":1686573852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022316622082566"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022316622082566"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Effect of Vitamin A Supplementation on the Intestinal Immune Response in Mexican Children Is Modified by Pathogen Infections and Diarrhea","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jn\/136.5.1365","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2006 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}