{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T02:46:44Z","timestamp":1778122004817,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pink-Ribbon\/Dutch-Cancer-Society","award":["2014-187.WO76"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014-187.WO76"]}]},{"name":"Transcan-JT","award":["2012\/Cancer-12-054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012\/Cancer-12-054"]}]},{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Leadership Fellow"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To help BRCA1 and 2 mutation carriers make informed decisions regarding use of combined-type oral contraceptive preparation (COCP), absolute risk-benefit estimates are needed for COCP-associated cancer.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>For a hypothetical cohort of 10\u2009000 women, we calculated the increased or decreased cumulative incidence of COCP-associated (breast, ovarian, endometrial) cancer, examining 18 scenarios with differences in duration and timing of COCP use, uptake of prophylactic surgeries, and menopausal hormone therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>COCP use initially increased breast cancer risk and decreased ovarian and endometrial cancer risk long term. For 10\u2009000 BRCA1 mutation carriers, 10 years of COCP use from age 20 to 30\u2009years resulted in 66 additional COCP-associated cancer cases by the age of 35\u2009years, in addition to 625 cases expected for never users. By the age of 70\u2009years such COCP use resulted in 907 fewer cancer cases than the expected 9093 cases in never users. Triple-negative breast cancer estimates resulted in 196 additional COCP-associated cases by age 40\u2009years, in addition to the 1454 expected. For 10\u2009000 BRCA2 mutation carriers using COCP from age 20 to 30\u2009years, 80 excess cancer cases were estimated by age 40\u2009years in addition to 651 expected cases; by the age of 70\u2009years, we calculated 382 fewer cases compared with the 6156 cases expected. The long-term benefit of COCP use diminished after risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy followed by menopausal hormone therapy use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although COCP use in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers initially increases breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer risk, it strongly decreases lifetime cancer risk. Risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and menopausal hormone therapy use appear to counteract the long-term COCP-benefit.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djac004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T20:10:34Z","timestamp":1642191034000},"page":"540-552","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Oral Contraceptive Use in <i>BRCA1<\/i> and <i>BRCA2<\/i> Mutation Carriers: Absolute Cancer Risks and Benefits"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2580-2096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lieske H","family":"Schrijver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam,\u00a0the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thea M","family":"Mooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer 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