{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T18:33:47Z","timestamp":1792694027271,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cancer is a leading cause of death by disease among children and adolescents in the United States. This study updates cancer incidence rates and trends using the most recent and comprehensive US cancer registry data available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used data from US Cancer Statistics to evaluate counts, age-adjusted incidence rates, and trends among children and adolescents younger than 20\u2009years of age diagnosed with malignant tumors between 2003 and 2019. We calculated the average annual percent change (APC) and APC using joinpoint regression. Rates and trends were stratified by demographic and geographic characteristics and by cancer type.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With 248\u200a749 cases reported between 2003 and 2019, the overall cancer incidence rate was 178.3 per 1\u00a0million; incidence rates were highest for leukemia (46.6), central nervous system neoplasms (30.8), and lymphoma (27.3). Rates were highest for males, children 0 to 4\u2009years of age, Non-Hispanic White children and adolescents, those in the Northeast census region, the top 25% of counties by economic status, and metropolitan counties with a population of 1 million people or more. Although the overall incidence rate of pediatric cancer increased 0.5% per year on average between 2003 and 2019, the rate increased between 2003 and 2016 (APC\u2009=\u20091.1%), and then decreased between 2016 and 2019 (APC = \u20132.1%). Between 2003 and 2019, rates of leukemia, lymphoma, hepatic tumors, bone tumors, and thyroid carcinomas increased, while melanoma rates decreased. Rates of central nervous system neoplasms increased until 2017, and then decreased. Rates of other cancer types remained stable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incidence of pediatric cancer increased overall, although increases were limited to certain cancer types. These findings may guide future public health and research priorities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djad115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T18:05:13Z","timestamp":1688148313000},"page":"1337-1354","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["Counts, incidence rates, and trends of pediatric cancer in the United States, 2003-2019"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1394-0782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A","family":"Siegel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9416-9821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica B","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0978-5863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip J","family":"Lupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5600-7645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric B","family":"Durbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kentucky Cancer Registry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky , Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5184-9037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0801-3394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathi","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8048-1953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Van Dyne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8442-5422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha","family":"Buchanan Lunsford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of the Director, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2420-306X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S Jane","family":"Henley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3252-9625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reda J","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B1","author":"U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21219","article-title":"Childhood and adolescent cancer statistics, 2014","volume":"64","author":"Ward","year":"2014","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"20","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2201761","article-title":"Current causes of death in children and adolescents in the United States","volume":"386","author":"Goldstick","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"25","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2468","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1804754","article-title":"The major causes of death in children and adolescents in the United States","volume":"379","author":"Cunningham","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B5","volume-title":"SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2018","author":"Howlader","year":"2021"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djab131","article-title":"Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, part 1: National Cancer Statistics","volume":"113","author":"Islami","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e945","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3926","article-title":"Cancer incidence rates and trends among children and adolescents in the United States, 2001-2009","volume":"134","author":"Siegel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-18-0784","article-title":"Trends in pediatric central nervous system tumor incidence in the United States, 1998-2013","volume":"28","author":"Withrow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.01.059","article-title":"Increase in the incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children, adolescents, and young adults: a population-based study","volume":"164","author":"Vergamini","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"36","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6636a3","article-title":"Rates and trends of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia\u2014United States, 2001-2014","volume":"66","author":"Siegel","year":"2017","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-2520","article-title":"Incidence of childhood and adolescent melanoma in the United States: 1973-2009","volume":"131","author":"Wong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23169","article-title":"Trends in childhood cancer incidence in the U.S. (1992-2004)","volume":"112","author":"Linabery","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"25","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6725a2","article-title":"Geographic variation in pediatric cancer incidence\u2014United States, 2003-2014","volume":"67","author":"Siegel","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-22-0317","article-title":"Pediatric cancer by race, ethnicity and region in the United States","volume":"31","author":"Rees","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1470","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2964","article-title":"Cancer incidence among children and adolescents in the United States, 2001-2003","volume":"121","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B16","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iii1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac161","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation childhood and adolescent primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2014-2018","volume":"24","author":"Ostrom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"suppl 5","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"v1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac202","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2015-2019","volume":"24","author":"Ostrom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B19","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2022"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B20","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2023"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B21","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases for Oncology","author":"Fritz","year":"2000","edition":"3rd ed"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B22","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases for Oncology","author":"Fritz","year":"2013","edition":"3"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20910","article-title":"International Classification of Childhood Cancer, third edition","volume":"103","author":"Steliarova-Foucher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B24","author":"Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B25","author":"Appalachian Regional Commission"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B26","author":"US Department of Agriculture"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B27","author":"United States Census Bureau"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.24095\/hpcdp.38.3.01","article-title":"Childhood cancer incidence in Canada: demographic and geographic variation of temporal trends (1992-2010)","volume":"38","author":"Xie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21637","article-title":"Cancer statistics for adolescents and young adults, 2020","volume":"70","author":"Miller","year":"2020","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B30","volume-title":"WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues","author":"Swerdlow","year":"2008","edition":"4th ed."},{"issue":"6","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-19-0941","article-title":"Cancer progress and priorities: childhood cancer","volume":"29","author":"Lupo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2019.01.022","article-title":"Parental age and the risk of childhood acute myeloid leukemia: results from the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium","volume":"59","author":"Panagopoulou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"issue":"33","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6733a2","article-title":"Trends in human papillomavirus-associated cancers\u2014United States, 1999-2015","volume":"67","author":"Van Dyne","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-13-1330","article-title":"Exposure to infections and risk of leukemia in young children","volume":"23","author":"Marcotte","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B35","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2022"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B36","first-page":"1","volume-title":"NCHS Data Brief.","author":"Mathews","year":"2016"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.201100191","article-title":"Adjusting for reporting delay in cancer incidence when combining different sets of cancer registries","volume":"55","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biom J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28917","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28917","article-title":"Cancer incidence and survival trends among infants in the United States from 1975 to 2014","volume":"68","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2027738","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.27738","article-title":"Trends in cancer incidence in US adolescents and young adults, 1973-2015","volume":"3","author":"Scott","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.25472","article-title":"Participation in pediatric oncology research protocols: racial\/ethnic, language and age-based disparities","volume":"62","author":"Aristizabal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20995","article-title":"National survival trends of young adults with sarcoma: lack of progress is associated with lack of clinical trial participation","volume":"103","author":"Bleyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s98","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-0122D","article-title":"Understanding and addressing the lack of clinical trial enrollment among adolescents with cancer","volume":"133","author":"Tai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B43","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx322","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and childhood cancer incidence: a population-based multilevel analysis","volume":"187","author":"Kehm","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-020-01348-3","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and childhood central nervous system tumors in California","volume":"32","author":"Francis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ijerph13010049","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13010049","article-title":"Epidemiologic, racial and healthographic mapping of Delaware pediatric cancer: 2004-2014","volume":"13","author":"Holmes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28582","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28582","article-title":"Race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic differences in incidence of pediatric embryonal tumors in the United States","volume":"67","author":"Geris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djx050","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in the incidence of pediatric extracranial embryonal tumors","volume":"109","author":"Friedrich","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"11","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-17-0430","article-title":"Rural-urban differences in cancer incidence and trends in the United States","volume":"27","author":"Zahnd","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0039","article-title":"Geospatial and temporal analysis of thyroid cancer incidence in a rural population","volume":"25","author":"Hanley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46002","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP4381","article-title":"Association between outdoor air pollution and childhood leukemia: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis","volume":"127","author":"Filippini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27620","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.27620","article-title":"Sex ratio among childhood cancers by single year of age","volume":"66","author":"Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1080\/08880018.2018.1464088","article-title":"An overview of disparities in childhood cancer: report on the Inaugural Symposium on Childhood Cancer Health Disparities, Houston, Texas, 2016","volume":"35","author":"Scheurer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"19","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3651","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33678","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in pediatric cancer incidence among children and young adults in the United States by single year of age","volume":"127","author":"Marcotte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-21-0782","article-title":"Genetic analysis in African American children supports ancestry-specific neuroblastoma susceptibility","volume":"31","author":"Testori","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e29763","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.29763","article-title":"Incidence and 5-year survival of children and adolescents with hepatoblastoma in the United States","volume":"69","author":"Kahla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-022-01640-4","article-title":"Incidence and trends of hepatic cancer among children and adolescents in the United States from 2000 to 2017: evidence from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry data","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"14","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32125","article-title":"Trends in pediatric thyroid cancer incidence in the United States, 1998-2013","volume":"125","author":"Bernier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.0898","article-title":"Pediatric thyroid cancer incidence and mortality trends in the United States, 1973-2013","volume":"145","author":"Qian","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2019.3353","article-title":"Age-specific incidence of melanoma in the United States","volume":"156","author":"Paulson","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.02.050","article-title":"Melanoma incidence in children and adolescents: decreasing trends in the United States","volume":"166","author":"Campbell","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.1215","article-title":"Association between birth defects and cancer risk among children and adolescents in a population-based assessment of 10 million live births","volume":"5","author":"Lupo","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33674","article-title":"Comparative international incidence of Ewing sarcoma 1988 to 2012","volume":"149","author":"Spector","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2020.2935","article-title":"Prevalence and location of indoor tanning among high school students in New Jersey 5 years after the enactment of youth access restrictions","volume":"156","author":"Stapleton","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-021-01535-w","article-title":"Pediatric neurological cancer incidence and trends in the United States, 2000-2018","volume":"33","author":"Kong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-18-0784","article-title":"Trends in pediatric central nervous system tumor incidence in the United States, 1998-2013","volume":"28","author":"Withrow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"12 suppl 2","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iii1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab200","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2014-2018","volume":"23","author":"Ostrom","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-20-1443","article-title":"Pediatric brain tumors: descriptive epidemiology, risk factors, and future directions","volume":"30","author":"Adel Fahmideh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"11","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noz123","article-title":"Risk factors for childhood and adult primary brain tumors","volume":"21","author":"Ostrom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B70","first-page":"135","article-title":"Trends in reporting delay in United States central cancer registries","volume":"41","author":"Boscoe","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Registry Manag"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-022-12935-w","article-title":"Evaluation of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on reliability of cancer surveillance data in the National Cancer Database","volume":"30","author":"Nogueira","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S295","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.301933","article-title":"Racial misclassification of American Indians and Alaska Natives by Indian Health Service Contract Health Service Delivery Area","volume":"104","author":"Jim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21693","article-title":"Brain and other central nervous system tumor statistics, 2021","volume":"71","author":"Miller","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"19","key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4379","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33080","article-title":"Pediatric cancer mortality and survival in the United States, 2001-2016","volume":"126","author":"Siegel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B75","author":"Children's Oncology Group"},{"key":"2023111012330380600_djad115-B76","author":"National Cancer Institute. Childhood Cancer Data Initiative (CCDI)"}],"container-title":["JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jnci\/djad115\/50920281\/djad115.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article-pdf\/115\/11\/1337\/52934471\/djad115.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article-pdf\/115\/11\/1337\/52934471\/djad115.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]],"date-time":"2023-11-10T07:34:36Z","timestamp":1699601676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article\/115\/11\/1337\/7219716"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/djad115","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8874","1460-2105"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8874","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2105","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]}}}