{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T04:03:50Z","timestamp":1788926630437,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75D30123P17556"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75D30123P17556"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001453","name":"American Brain Tumor Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Musella Foundation for Brain Tumor Research & Information"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001512","name":"National Brain Tumor Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001512","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001794","name":"Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006064","name":"Sontag Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006064","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019451","name":"Uncle Kory Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019451","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Josephine F. DeAngelis Memorial Fund"},{"name":"Zelda Dorin Tetenbaum Memorial Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011541","name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011541","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"NCI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA014236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA014236"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"NCI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50CA190991"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50CA190991"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Meningioma risk factors include older age, female sex, and being Black\/African American. Limited data explore how meningioma risk in individuals who are Black varies across the lifespan, interacts with sex, and differs by tumor grade.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States is a population-based registry covering the entire US population. Meningioma diagnoses from 2004 to 2019 were used to calculate incidence rate ratios for non-Hispanic Black individuals compared with non-Hispanic White individuals across 10-year age intervals and stratified by sex and World Health Organization tumor grade in this retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 53\u200a890 non-Hispanic Black individuals and 322\u200a373 non-Hispanic White individuals with an intracranial meningioma diagnosis were included in analyses. Beginning in young adulthood, the non-Hispanic Black to non-Hispanic White incidence rate ratio was elevated for grade 1 and grades 2-3 tumors. The incidence rate ratio peaked in the seventh decade of life regardless of grade and was higher for grades 2-3 tumors (incidence rate ratio \u2009=\u20091.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.46 to 1.69) than grade 1 tumors (incidence rate ratio =\u20091.27, 95% CI = 1.25 to 1.30) in this age group. The non-Hispanic Black to non-Hispanic White incidence rate ratio was elevated in women (incidence rate ratio =\u20091.17, 95% CI = 1.16 to 1.18) and was further elevated in men (incidence rate ratio =\u20091.28, 95% CI = 1.26 to 1.30), revealing synergistic interaction between non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity and male sex (Pinteraction = .001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Relative to non-Hispanic White individuals, non-Hispanic Black individuals are at elevated risk of meningioma from young adulthood through old age. Non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity conferred greater risk of meningioma among men than women and greater risk of grades 2-3 tumors. Population-level differences in meningioma incidence and tumor behavior suggest potential disparities in the geographic, socioeconomic, and racial distribution of meningioma risk factors within the United States.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djae253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T23:24:58Z","timestamp":1728516298000},"page":"366-374","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Grade-stratified meningioma risk among individuals who are non-Hispanic Black and interactions with male sex"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5879-9981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyle M","family":"Walsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6369-0609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mackenzie","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States , Hinsdale, IL,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R","family":"Raleigh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, CA,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, CA,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1464-0354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evan","family":"Calabrese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7212-035X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carol","family":"Kruchko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States , Hinsdale, IL,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6190-9304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jill S","family":"Barnholtz-Sloan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States , Hinsdale, IL,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Trans Divisional Research Program Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda, MD,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda, MD,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3469-7558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quinn T","family":"Ostrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States , Hinsdale, IL,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iv1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad149","article-title":"CBTRUS statistical report: primary brain and other central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2016-2020","volume":"25","author":"Ostrom","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2514","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.34837","article-title":"Complete prevalence of primary malignant and nonmalignant brain tumors in comparison to other cancers in the United States","volume":"129","author":"Neff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-804280-9.00001-9","article-title":"Epidemiology of meningiomas","volume":"169","author":"Walsh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579599","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.579599","article-title":"Meningioma: a review of clinicopathological and molecular aspects","volume":"10","author":"Huntoon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i5","DOI":"10.1093\/noajnl\/vdad020","article-title":"The joint impacts of sex and race\/ethnicity on incidence of grade 1 versus grades 2\u20133 meningioma across the lifespan","volume":"5","author":"Walsh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncol Adv"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noae082","article-title":"Meningioma: International Consortium on Meningiomas (ICOM) consensus review on scientific advances & treatment paradigms for clinicians, researchers, and patients","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nov069","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiology of World Health Organization grades II and III intracranial meningiomas in the United States","volume":"17","author":"Kshettry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab106","article-title":"The 2021 WHO classification of tumors of the central nervous system: a summary","volume":"23","author":"Louis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03850-3","article-title":"A clinically applicable integrative molecular classification of meningiomas","volume":"597","author":"Nassiri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01061-8","article-title":"Meningioma DNA methylation groups identify biological drivers and therapeutic vulnerabilities","volume":"54","author":"Choudhury","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03167-4","article-title":"Molecular classification to refine surgical and radiotherapeutic decision-making in meningioma","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad223","article-title":"Association of county-level socioeconomic status with meningioma incidence and outcomes","volume":"26","author":"Pugazenthi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3893","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-022-06838-5","article-title":"Long-term neurocognitive, psychological, and return to work outcomes in meningioma patients","volume":"30","author":"Sekely","year":"2022","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B14","author":"Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States SEERStat Database","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B15","author":"Survellience, Epidemiology, and End Results Program","year":"2022"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280206070621","article-title":"Efficient interval estimation for age-adjusted cancer rates","volume":"15","author":"Tiwari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"vdac044","DOI":"10.1093\/noajnl\/vdac044","article-title":"Pleiotropic MLLT10 variation confers risk of meningioma and estrogen-mediated cancers","volume":"4","author":"Walsh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncol Adv"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4803","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18582-7","article-title":"Multiplatform genomic profiling and magnetic resonance imaging identify mechanisms underlying intratumor heterogeneity in meningioma","volume":"11","author":"Magill","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-006-9146-9","article-title":"Female predominance in meningiomas can not be explained by differences in progesterone, estrogen, or androgen receptor expression","volume":"80","author":"Korhonen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2006.105.2.163","article-title":"Progesterone and estrogen receptors: Opposing prognostic indicators in meningiomas","volume":"105","author":"Pravdenkova","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqab259","article-title":"Estrogen and progesterone therapy and meningiomas","volume":"163","author":"Hage","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1007\/s11113-017-9441-5","article-title":"Race disparities in pubertal timing: Implications for cardiovascular disease risk among African American women","volume":"36","author":"Bleil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Popul Res Policy Rev"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)00290-3","article-title":"Serum testosterone levels in African-American and white men undergoing prostate biopsy","volume":"54","author":"Kubricht","year":"1999","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36186-6","article-title":"Mendelian randomization provides support for obesity as a risk factor for meningioma","volume":"9","author":"Takahashi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.12.JNS131170","article-title":"Endogenous and exogenous hormone exposure and the risk of meningioma in men","volume":"120","author":"Schildkraut","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.11.JNS23732","article-title":"Obesity and meningioma: a US population-based study paired with analysis of a multi-institutional cohort","volume":"140","author":"Khazanchi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-11-1059","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and risk of meningioma: The effect of gender","volume":"21","author":"Claus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac163","article-title":"Exposure to radon and heavy particulate pollution and incidence of brain tumors","volume":"25","author":"Palmer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009083","article-title":"Prospective study of the determinants of age at menopause","volume":"145","author":"Bromberger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.05.014","article-title":"Racial and regional differences in age at menopause in the United States: Findings from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study","volume":"205","author":"McKnight","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2015.05.029","article-title":"Assessment of vibration of effects due to model specification can demonstrate the instability of observational associations","volume":"68","author":"Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.12.020","article-title":"Meningioma growth dynamics assessed by radiocarbon retrospective birth dating","volume":"27","author":"Huttner","year":"2018","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3067","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02586-z","article-title":"Targeted gene expression profiling predicts meningioma outcomes and radiotherapy responses","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4057","DOI":"10.21037\/tcr-21-798","article-title":"Diagnostic nomogram model for predicting preoperative pathological grade of meningioma","volume":"10","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl Cancer Res"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.09.119","article-title":"Preoperative prediction of meningioma subtype by constructing a clinical-radiomics model nomogram based on magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"181","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"2025020923565192900_djae253-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5669","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41434-z","article-title":"Detection of diagnostic and prognostic methylation-based signatures in liquid biopsy specimens from patients with meningiomas","volume":"14","author":"Herrgott","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"}],"container-title":["JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jnci\/djae253\/60626873\/djae253.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article-pdf\/117\/2\/366\/60626873\/djae253.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article-pdf\/117\/2\/366\/60626873\/djae253.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,9]],"date-time":"2025-02-09T18:57:17Z","timestamp":1739127437000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article\/117\/2\/366\/7818350"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/djae253","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8874","1460-2105"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8874","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2105","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]]}}}