{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T00:35:51Z","timestamp":1793838951290,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":139,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Initiation Grant from Queen\u2019s University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The World Health Organization (WHO) Essential Medicines List (EML) and resource-stratified guidelines both prioritize high-value medicines. We compared the 2023 EML cancer medicines list with global cancer statistics, examined the proportion of EML therapies recommended by resource-stratified guidelines, and identified gaps that merit evaluation by the WHO EML Committee.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We compared the 2023 EML medicines for adult cancers with cancer incidence and mortality data from GLOBOCAN 2022. We cross-referenced the EML with 2 resource-stratified guidelines (National Comprehensive Cancer Network [NCCN] and National Cancer Grid [NCG] of India) and evaluated preferred treatments in resource-stratified guidelines that were not recommended by the EML.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The 2023 EML included 64 cancer medicines for 219 tumor-specific indications. The greatest number of medicines are listed for leukemia (37\/219 [17%]) and lymphoma (33\/219 [15%]). Although some common cancers (eg, hepatocellular carcinoma) have no EML-listed medicines because of the low clinical benefit, we identified some cancers (eg, esophageal, gastric) with effective therapies that the EML Committee should evaluate for inclusion. Cancers with no listed medicines make up 34% of cancer deaths globally. Among EML indications with an NCCN resource-stratified guideline, 42% (35\/84) and 73% (62\/84) were recommended by the NCCN Basic and Core Guidelines, respectively. Among EML indications with an NCG resource-stratified guideline, 163 of 196 (83%) and 175 of 196 (89%) were recommended by the NCG Essential and Optimal guidelines, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified some effective medicines that should be evaluated for inclusion in the WHO EML. Prioritization of cancer medicines was similar between the EML and NCG India but discordant between with NCCN resource-stratified guideline.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaf100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T12:05:00Z","timestamp":1748001900000},"page":"2010-2020","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Analysis of 2023 World Health Organization cancer Essential Medicines List and concordance with resource-stratified guidelines"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6557-7298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brooke E","family":"Wilson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Queen\u2019s University , Kingston, ON,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen\u2019s Cancer Research Institute , Kingston, ON,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney , Sidney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0297-2041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristin","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Queen\u2019s University , Kingston, ON,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manju","family":"Sengar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, National Cancer Grid , Mumbai,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6435-1825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cancer Policy, King's College London , London,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust , London,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7137-6855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sallie-Anne","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney , Sidney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney , Sidney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0112-0680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael B","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7444-8594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bishal","family":"Gyawali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Queen\u2019s University , Kingston, ON,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen\u2019s Cancer Research Institute , Kingston, ON,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8949-7425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"De Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6680-6507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Moja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Product Policy and Standards, World Health Organization , Geneva,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3635-0083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C S","family":"Pramesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Surgical Oncology and Administration, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, National Cancer Grid , Mumbai,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1505-0575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher M","family":"Booth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Queen\u2019s University , Kingston, ON,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen\u2019s Cancer Research Institute , Kingston, ON,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B1","author":"WHO","year":"2023"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B2","first-page":"e1860","author":"Jenei","year":"2022"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B3","author":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B4","author":"National Cancer Grid","year":"2023"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B5","author":"ASCO"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00463-0","article-title":"Access to cancer medicines deemed essential by oncologists in 82 countries: an international, cross-sectional survey","volume":"22","author":"Fundytus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00641-0","article-title":"Prioritising access to cancer drugs","volume":"23","author":"Elliott","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1860","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00376-X","article-title":"Cancer medicines on the WHO model list of essential medicines: processes, challenges, and a way forward","volume":"10","author":"Jenei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B9","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s40012-023-00375-0","article-title":"The Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM): making of India\u2019s digital health story","volume":"11","author":"Sharma","year":"2023","journal-title":"CSI Trans ICT"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00797-2","article-title":"First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (CheckMate 649): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial","volume":"398","author":"Janjigian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.13.9378","article-title":"Phase III trial in metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma with fluorouracil, leucovorin plus either oxaliplatin or cisplatin: a study of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie","volume":"26","author":"Al-Batran","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3068","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.17.3068","article-title":"Gemcitabine and cisplatin versus methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in advanced or metastatic bladder cancer: results of a large, randomized, multinational, multicenter, phase III study","volume":"18","author":"von der Maase","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e077776","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-077776","article-title":"Refocusing the World Health Organization's Model List of Essential Medicines on the needs of low and middle income countries","volume":"385","author":"Wirtz","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2022.12.007","article-title":"Decision criteria for selecting essential medicines and their connection to guidelines: an interpretive descriptive qualitative interview study","volume":"154","author":"Piggott","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1200\/JGO.2016.008250","article-title":"How useful are international treatment guidelines in low-and middle-income countries?","volume":"3","author":"Kerr","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Global Oncol"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2023.111241","article-title":"GRADE concept 7: issues and insights linking guideline recommendations to trustworthy essential medicine lists","volume":"166","author":"Piggott","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33764","article-title":"Resource stratified guidelines for cancer: are they all the same? Interguideline concordance for systemic treatment recommendations","volume":"150","author":"Wilson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B19","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2002"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1200\/GO.21.00028","article-title":"Are NCCN resource-stratified guidelines for breast cancer systemic therapy achievable? A population-based study of global need and economic impact","volume":"7","author":"Wilson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol Global Oncology"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00183-3","article-title":"Global application of National Comprehensive Cancer Network resource-stratified guidelines for systemic treatment of colon cancer: a population-based, customisable model for cost, demand, and procurement","volume":"24","author":"Wilson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2990","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33568","article-title":"Forecasting essential childhood cancer drug need: an innovative model-based approach","volume":"127","author":"Hughes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2025100820030712700_djaf100-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008243606668","article-title":"Randomized comparison between chemotherapy plus best supportive care with best supportive care in advanced gastric cancer","volume":"8","author":"Glimelius","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"}],"container-title":["JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jnci\/djaf100\/63309695\/djaf100.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article-pdf\/117\/10\/2010\/63309695\/djaf100.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article-pdf\/117\/10\/2010\/63309695\/djaf100.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:03:14Z","timestamp":1759968194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article\/117\/10\/2010\/8142433"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/djaf100","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8874","1460-2105"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0027-8874","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2105","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]}}}