{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T00:03:21Z","timestamp":1760054601892,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":4,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Emerging evidence suggests that bacteria residing in colorectal tissue are plausibly associated with colorectal cancer. Prior studies investigated the effects of dietary interventions on the fecal microbiome, but few assessed colorectal tissue microbiome endpoints. We investigated the effects of a high-fiber, high-fruit, high-vegetable, and low-fat dietary intervention on the rectal tissue microbiome in the Polyp Prevention Trial (PPT).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PPT is a 4-year randomized clinical trial with intervention goals of consuming (1) at least 18\u2009g of fiber per 1000\u2009kcal\/day; (2) at least 3.5 servings of fruits and vegetables per 1000\u2009kcal\/day; and (3) no more than 20% of kcal\/day from fat. Using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, we characterized bacteria in rectal biopsies collected at baseline and the end of years 1 and 4 (n\u2009=\u2009233 in intervention arm and n\u2009=\u2009222 in control arm). We estimated effects of the intervention on alpha and beta diversity and relative abundance of a priori\u2013selected bacteria using repeated-measures linear mixed-effects models.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The intervention did not statistically significantly modify rectal tissue alpha diversity. Compared with the control arm, relative abundance of a priori\u2013selected\u00a0Porphyromonas\u00a0(absolute intervention effects [standard errors] at T1 vs T0\u2009=\u2009\u20130.24 [0.07] and T4 vs T0\u2009=\u2009\u20130.12 [0.07];\u00a0P\u2009=\u2009.004) and\u00a0Prevotella\u00a0(absolute intervention effects at T1 vs T0\u2009=\u2009\u20130.40 [0.14] and at T4 vs T0\u2009=\u2009\u20130.32 [0.15];\u00a0P\u2009=\u2009.01) were more strongly decreased in the intervention arm.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The PPT intervention did not influence rectal tissue microbiome diversity or the relative abundance of most bacteria, except for 2 oral-originating bacteria that were previously associated with colorectal cancer presence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaf225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T17:47:42Z","timestamp":1755625662000},"page":"2142-2143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["RE: Effects of a high-fiber, high-fruit, and high-vegetable, low-fat dietary intervention on the rectal tissue microbiome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1788-7982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ifham Hanif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of Sebelas Maret University\/Dr Moewardi General Hospital , Surakarta,","place":["Indonesia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mentari Maratus","family":"Sholihah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of Sebelas Maret University\/Dr Moewardi General Hospital , Surakarta,","place":["Indonesia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100820033294100_djaf225-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaf034","article-title":"Effects of a high-fiber, high-fruit and high-vegetable, low-fat dietary intervention on the rectal tissue microbiome","volume":"117","author":"Byrd","year":"2025","journal-title":"JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2025100820033294100_djaf225-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3344","article-title":"The gut microbiota, bacterial metabolites and colorectal cancer","volume":"12","author":"Louis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"2025100820033294100_djaf225-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6342","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7342","article-title":"Fat, fibre and cancer risk in African Americans and rural Africans","volume":"6","author":"O\u2019Keefe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2025100820033294100_djaf225-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15051602","article-title":"Tissue vs. fecal-derived bacterial dysbiosis in precancerous colorectal lesions: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Valciukiene","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"}],"container-title":["JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jnci\/djaf225\/64084961\/djaf225.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article-pdf\/117\/10\/2142\/64084961\/djaf225.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article-pdf\/117\/10\/2142\/64084961\/djaf225.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:03:38Z","timestamp":1759968218000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/article\/117\/10\/2142\/8238169"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"references-count":4,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/djaf225","relation":{},"ISSN":["0027-8874","1460-2105"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0027-8874"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1460-2105"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]}}}