{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:02:24Z","timestamp":1788393744776,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]],"date-time":"2021-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cancer patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported to have double the case fatality rate of the general population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central\u00a0was done for studies on cancer patients with COVID-19. Pooled proportions were calculated for categorical variables. Odds ratio (OR) and forest plots (random-effects model) were constructed for both primary and secondary outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review of 38 studies and meta-analysis of 181\u00a0323 patients from 26 studies included 23\u00a0736 cancer patients. Our meta-analysis shows that cancer patients with COVID-19 have a higher likelihood of death (n\u2009=\u2009165\u00a0980, OR = 2.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.47 to 4.42), which was largely driven by mortality among patients in China. Cancer patients were more likely to be intubated.\u00a0Among cancer subtypes, the mortality was highest in hematological malignancies (n\u2009=\u2009878, OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.17 to 4.87) followed by lung cancer (n\u2009=\u2009646, OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.00 to 3.37). There was no association between receipt of a particular type of oncologic therapy and mortality. Our study showed that cancer patients affected by COVID-19 are a decade older than the normal population and have a higher proportion of comorbidities. There was insufficient data to assess the association of COVID-19\u2013directed therapy and survival outcomes in cancer patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cancer patients with COVID-19 disease are at increased risk of mortality and morbidity. A more nuanced understanding of the interaction between cancer-directed therapies and COVID-19\u2013directed therapies is needed. This will require uniform prospective recording of data, possibly in multi-institutional registry databases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pkaa102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T07:28:39Z","timestamp":1613806119000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cancer Patients Affected by a Novel Coronavirus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2541-2055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bhanu Prasad","family":"Venkatesulu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Loyola University, Maywood, IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viveksandeep Thoguluva","family":"Chandrasekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashanth","family":"Girdhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pragati","family":"Advani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amrish","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4281-9826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thiraviyam","family":"Elumalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2038-4537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng En","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6839-4147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hagar I","family":"Elghazawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbaseya, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5863-6023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vivek","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1340-4771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunil","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2021041415175644700_pkaa102-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0695-z","article-title":"Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. 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