{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T22:17:10Z","timestamp":1789510630629,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"VCORE"},{"name":"VUI Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer worldwide. Despite its prevalence, large-scale studies on the relationship between socioeconomic disparities and disease stage at presentation are lacking. This study examines the association between the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), a robust measure of socioeconomic status, and stage at diagnosis among bladder cancer patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients diagnosed with bladder cancer (any TNM stage) from the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (2004-2019) were retrospectively analyzed. ADI was assigned based on patients\u2019 residential census-block group and stratified into quartiles, with the fourth quartile (ADI 75-100) representing the most deprived. Multivariable logistic regression tested the impact of ADI on advanced disease stages (muscle invasive disease [\u2265T2], positive nodal status [cN+], metastatic disease [cM+]).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among 29\u200a010 patients, the majority were non-Hispanic White (92%), males (75%), and residents in metropolitan areas (81%). Patients in the third and fourth ADI quartiles had higher rates of \u2265T2 (22%, 24.5%) compared with the first and second quartiles (18%, 19.5%) (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001), as well as increased rates of cN+ (3.4%, 3.7%) and cM+ (2.8%, 3.2%) (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001). Multivariable regression showed that each 10-unit rise in ADI increased odds of T2 by 4% (95% CI = 1.03 to 1.06, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001), cN+ by 4% (95% CI = 1.01 to 1.07, P\u2009=\u2009.038), and cM+ by 6% (95% CI = 1.02 to 1.09, P\u2009=\u2009.003).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Higher ADI correlates with advanced bladder cancer stages at diagnosis. Addressing these disparities is essential to improve outcomes in bladder cancer care.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pkaf054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T09:15:22Z","timestamp":1747818922000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Socioeconomic disparities and bladder cancer stage at diagnosis: a statewide cohort analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0273-7593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Finocchiaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vattikuti Urology Institute Center for Outcomes Research, Analysis, and Evaluation, Henry Ford Health System , Detroit, MI,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University,\u00a0 Milan,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Tylecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System , Detroit, MI,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System , Detroit, MI,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Vigan\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vattikuti Urology Institute Center for Outcomes Research, Analysis, and Evaluation, Henry Ford Health System , Detroit, MI,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Urologic Section, University of Messina , Messina,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bertini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vattikuti Urology Institute Center for Outcomes Research, Analysis, and Evaluation, Henry Ford Health System , Detroit, MI,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Division of Oncology, Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University , Milan,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Ficarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Urologic Section, University of Messina , Messina,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ettore","family":"Di Trapani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0595-7165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Salonia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oncology, Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University , Milan,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2178-0494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Briganti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oncology, Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University , Milan,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Montorsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oncology, Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University , Milan,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3939-4521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Lughezzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University,\u00a0 Milan,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicol\u00f2","family":"Buffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University,\u00a0 Milan,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5415-9901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akshay","family":"Sood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus, OH,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System , Detroit, MI,","place":["United 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