{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T09:59:52Z","timestamp":1782986392663,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) in the United States have lower risks for breast and prostate cancers than the general population. To explore whether pretransplant screening explains this observation, we conducted a case-control study of US adults aged 65\u2009years or older using the SEER-Medicare database (2000-2019). We included 252\u00a0279 breast cancer cases, 3\u00a0855\u00a0275 female controls, 316\u00a0981 prostate cancer cases, and 2\u00a0361\u00a0846 male controls. We used Medicare claims to identify solid organ transplant procedures and screening with mammography or prostate-specific antigen testing before case\/control selection. SOTRs exhibited reduced risks for breast cancer (adjusted odds ratio = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.45 to 0.80) and prostate cancer (0.84, 95% CI = 0.71 to 1.00). These inverse associations were significant among screened individuals, although a borderline association for breast cancer was suggested in unscreened women. Pretransplant cancer screening probably largely explains the reduced risks of breast and prostate cancer among US SOTRs, but there may also be other protective factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pkaf080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T11:40:09Z","timestamp":1754480409000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pretransplant screening and lower incidence of breast and prostate cancers among organ transplant recipients in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4754-6281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shyfuddin","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Rockville, MD 20892,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9322-1395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J","family":"Silverberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California , Pleasanton, CA 94588,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0203-6958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric A","family":"Engels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Rockville, MD 20892,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090406012701300_pkaf080-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1592","article-title":"Spectrum of cancer risk among US solid organ transplant recipients","volume":"306","author":"Engels","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2025090406012701300_pkaf080-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2481","article-title":"Immunosuppression trends in solid organ transplantation: The future of individualization, monitoring, and management","volume":"41","author":"Pilch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacother J Hum Pharmacol Drug Ther"},{"key":"2025090406012701300_pkaf080-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3223","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15495","article-title":"Epidemiologic perspectives on immunosuppressed populations and the immunosurveillance and immunocontainment of cancer","volume":"19","author":"Engels","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2025090406012701300_pkaf080-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.10.018","article-title":"Changes in cancer incidence and outcomes among kidney transplant recipients in the 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