{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T05:59:37Z","timestamp":1780811977119,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"NCI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"US Government"},{"name":"NIH or the US Department of Health and Human Services"},{"name":"Fondation Arthritis via the project ABICAY"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We sought to examine the association between abatacept therapy and cancer risk among individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a case-control study of individuals with RA in the United States aged 65-99\u2009years (17\u2009665 patients with cancer and 53\u2009652 control individuals during 2008-2019) using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program\u2013Medicare database. For assessing risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer, individuals of White race with RA and nonmelanoma skin cancer and corresponding control individuals were selected from among Medicare beneficiaries residing in SEER areas. Exposure to abatacept, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, and conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) was ascertained using prescription claims. Individuals exposed to both abatacept and TNF inhibitors were excluded. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) to measure associations between abatacept (with or without a conventional DMARD) and overall risk of cancer, 17 specific cancer sites, and nonmelanoma skin cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 2.5% of SEER cancer cases and 2.6% of control individuals were treated with abatacept (with or without a conventional DMARD). Overall cancer risk was not associated with exposure to abatacept compared with a TNF inhibitor (with or without a conventional DMARD) (AOR\u2009=\u20091.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20090.88 to 1.21) or with conventional DMARDs only (AOR\u2009=\u20091.02, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.87 to 1.19). Abatacept was associated with increased nonmelanoma skin cancer risk compared with both TNF inhibitors (with or without a conventional DMARD) (AOR\u2009=\u20091.31, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.01 to 1.70) and conventional DMARDs only (AOR\u2009=\u20091.31, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.01 to 1.71). Abatacept was also associated with increased lung cancer risk among individuals with recent-onset RA (AOR\u2009=\u20091.53, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.01 to 2.32, compared with TNF inhibitors). These associations were not statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among older adults with RA, abatacept exposure was not associated with cancer risk overall, but there was some evidence for increased risks of nonmelanoma skin cancer and lung cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pkag051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T12:25:45Z","timestamp":1777638345000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cancer risk associated with abatacept among older individuals with rheumatoid arthritis in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4754-6281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shyfuddin","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Rockville, MD,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Mariette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immuno-Rheumatology, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, H\u00f4pital Bic\u00eatre, AP-HP, F\u00e9d\u00e9ration hospitalo-universitaire CARE (Cancer and Autoimmunity Relationship) , Le-Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphaele","family":"Seror","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immuno-Rheumatology, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, H\u00f4pital Bic\u00eatre, AP-HP, F\u00e9d\u00e9ration hospitalo-universitaire CARE (Cancer and Autoimmunity Relationship) , Le-Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1018, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0203-6958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric A","family":"Engels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Rockville, MD,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12823","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis: past, present and future approaches to treating the disease","volume":"20","author":"Hyndman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2016.09.006","article-title":"Malignancy and the risks of biologic therapies: current status","volume":"43","author":"Seror","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3223","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15495","article-title":"Epidemiologic perspectives on immunosuppressed populations and the immunosurveillance and immunocontainment of cancer","volume":"19","author":"Engels","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2023.100768","article-title":"Risk of cancer for patients with rheumatoid arthritis versus general population: a national claims database cohort study","volume":"35","author":"Beydon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1097\/bor.0000000000000491","article-title":"How does abatacept really work in rheumatoid arthritis?","volume":"30","author":"Bonelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1097\/coc.0000000000000239","article-title":"CTLA-4 and PD-1 Pathways: similarities, differences, and implications of their inhibition","volume":"39","author":"Buchbinder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2217\/mmt.14.25","article-title":"Ipilimumab for the treatment of melanoma","volume":"2","author":"Jain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Melanoma Manag"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s43046-024-00218-2","article-title":"Evaluating the efficacy and safety of nivolumab and ipilimumab combination therapy compared to nivolumab monotherapy in advanced cancers (excluding melanoma): a systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Rangwala","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Egypt Natl Canc Inst"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez604","article-title":"Abatacept in rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of cancer: a world observational post-marketing study","volume":"59","author":"de Germay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab570","article-title":"Short- and longer-term cancer risks with biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs as used against rheumatoid arthritis in clinical practice","volume":"61","author":"Huss","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key352","article-title":"Abatacept initiation in rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of cancer: a population-based comparative cohort study","volume":"58","author":"Montastruc","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152240","article-title":"Malignancy outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with abatacept and other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: results from a 10-year international post-marketing study","volume":"64","author":"Simon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-224356","article-title":"Abatacept and non-melanoma skin cancer in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive evaluation of randomised controlled trials and observational studies","volume":"83","author":"Simon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr146","article-title":"Use of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare data to conduct case-control studies of cancer among the US elderly","volume":"174","author":"Engels","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B15","author":"Stedman","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.4332","article-title":"Malignant neoplasms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, tocilizumab, abatacept, or rituximab in clinical practice: a nationwide cohort study from Sweden","volume":"177","author":"Wadstr\u00f6m","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2446336","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.46336","article-title":"Use of biologic or targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and cancer risk","volume":"7","author":"Sendaydiego","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-017-0424-2","article-title":"Analysis of 100,000 human cancer genomes reveals the landscape of tumor mutational burden","volume":"9","author":"Chalmers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2025.105123","article-title":"Nivolumab plus ipilimumab with chemotherapy as first-line treatment of patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: final, 6-year outcomes from CheckMate 9LA","volume":"10","author":"Carbone","year":"2025","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2021.105176","article-title":"Inflammation-targeted therapies and cancer","volume":"88","author":"Kedra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"2026060701533459000_pkag051-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4172","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaf092","article-title":"Cancer risk of Janus kinase inhibitors and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs among older Americans with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"64","author":"Ahmed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"}],"container-title":["JNCI Cancer Spectrum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jncics\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jncics\/pkag051\/68207095\/pkag051.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jncics\/article-pdf\/10\/3\/pkag051\/68207095\/pkag051.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jncics\/article-pdf\/10\/3\/pkag051\/68207095\/pkag051.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T05:53:40Z","timestamp":1780811620000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jncics\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jncics\/pkag051\/8666874"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jncics\/pkag051","relation":{},"ISSN":["2515-5091"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2515-5091","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]]},"article-number":"pkag051"}}