{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T20:46:14Z","timestamp":1791751574978,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791676800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Breastfeeding reduces ovarian cancer risk, but the underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined the association between a previously reported metabolite-based breastfeeding score with incident epithelial ovarian cancer risk in case-control studies nested within the Nurses\u2019 Health Studies (NHS\/NHSII, n\u2009=\u2009436) and Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO, n\u2009=\u2009300) using conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each study and conducted a meta-analysis. We investigated 606 individual breastfeeding-metabolite associations among 9,904 mid-life parous women in NHS\/NHSII and 663 one-year postpartum women in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART). Metabolites associated with breastfeeding at p\u2009\u2264\u20090.05 after multiple testing correction for number of effective tests (NEF) were then assessed for their associations with ovarian cancer. Metabolite set enrichment analysis using Normalized Enrichment Score (NES) identified metabolite classes associated with breastfeeding using false discovery rate (FDR) were used for multiple testing correction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The highest quartile of metabolite-based breastfeeding score was inversely associated with ovarian cancer risk (meta-analyzed odds ratio [OR]=0.62, 95%CI=0.39-0.99). Of the 14 individual metabolites associated with breastfeeding in NHS\/NHSII and also measured in VDAART, similar direction of associations was observed for 11 metabolites. Phosphatidylcholines (PCs; NES=1.94; FDR=0.004) and phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs; NES=1.82; FDR=0.01) were positively enriched with increased breastfeeding duration. Ten metabolites including PCs and PEs were positively associated with breastfeeding and inversely associated with ovarian cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion(s)<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest alterations of systemic metabolism, particularly among PC and PE pathways, provide insight into biological pathways underlying the inverse breastfeeding-ovarian cancer association.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pkag108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T11:53:46Z","timestamp":1791374026000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Plasma metabolomic profiles associated with breastfeeding history and subsequent ovarian cancer risk"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Jennifer M","family":"Mongiovi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, , Boston, MA,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, , Boston, MA.","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Channing Division of Network Medicine, , Boston, MA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian Avila","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard , Cambridge, MA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, , Boston, MA,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Channing Division of Network Medicine, , Boston, MA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary K","family":"Townsend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health and Science University Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, , Portland, OR,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Britton","family":"Trabert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"University of Utah Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, , Salt Lake City, UT,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Wentzensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute Clinical Genetics Branch, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, , Rockville, MD,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica A","family":"Lasky-Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Channing Division of Network Medicine, , Boston, MA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A Heather","family":"Eliassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, , Boston, MA.","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Channing Division of Network Medicine, , Boston, MA,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Department of Nutrition, , Boston, MA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clary B","family":"Clish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard , Cambridge, MA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelley S","family":"Tworoger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health and Science University Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, , Portland, OR,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oana A","family":"Zeleznik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Channing Division of Network Medicine, , Boston, MA,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Weill Cornell Medicine Department of Population Health Sciences, , New York, NY,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Sasamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center Program in Epidemiology, Public Health Sciences Division, , Seattle, WA,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"University of Washington Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, , Seattle, WA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]]},"container-title":["JNCI Cancer Spectrum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jncics\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jncics\/pkag108\/71840215\/pkag108.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jncics\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/jncics\/pkag108\/71840215\/pkag108.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T19:59:22Z","timestamp":1791748762000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jncics\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/jncics\/pkag108\/8907465"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jncics\/pkag108","relation":{},"ISSN":["2515-5091"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2515-5091","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]]},"article-number":"pkag108"}}