{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T01:09:48Z","timestamp":1787792988296,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]],"date-time":"2020-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Powassan virus (POWV) is a flavivirus of the tick-borne encephalitis serogroup that causes a rare and potentially life-threatening neuroinvasive disease. Viral transmission occurs during zoonotic spillover from mammals by the bite of an infected tick in endemic regions of North America. The number of reported POWV cases has recently increased in the United States. We report a fatal case of POWV meningoencephalomyelitis in Northern Wisconsin following a documented tick bite. Histologic examination of the brain demonstrated widespread intraparenchymal and perivascular lymphohistocytic infiltration, microglial nodule formation, and marked neuronal degeneration, most severely involving the substantia nigra, anterior horn of spinal cord and cerebellum. Although no viral inclusions were seen in routine light microscopy, electron microscopy identified multiple neurons containing cytoplasmic clusters of virus particles \u223c50\u2009nm in diameter. POWV infection was confirmed using immunohistochemical analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. This report demonstrates in detail regional central nervous system involvement and ultrastructural characteristics of Powassan viral particles by transmission electron microscopy, while highlighting the utility of evaluating fixed autopsy tissues in cases of unexplained meningoencephalomyelitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlaa094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T06:44:17Z","timestamp":1601966657000},"page":"1239-1243","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A Fatal Case of Powassan Virus Encephalitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Qiqi","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin at Madison , Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduard","family":"Matkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Reagan-Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy M","family":"Denison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Osborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Public Health, Wisconsin Department of Health Services , Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahriar M","family":"Salamat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin at Madison , Madison, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024032523354320900_nlaa094-B1","first-page":"708","article-title":"Powassan virus: Isolation of virus from a fatal case of encephalitis","volume":"80","author":"McLean","year":"1959","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"2024032523354320900_nlaa094-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2008.0022","article-title":"Increased recognition of Powassan encephalitis in the United States, 1999\u20132005","volume":"8","author":"Hinten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"2024032523354320900_nlaa094-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2017.2239","article-title":"Powassan virus 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