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We aimed to investigate whether acupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) could alleviate the behavior disorder of autistic rats by inhibiting thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)-mediated activation of NLRP3. An autism model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of pregnant rats with valproic acid (VPA). The pups\u2019 behaviors were analyzed using hot plate, open field, Morris water maze, and 3-chamber social interaction tests. Nissl staining was used to visualize neurons in prefrontal cortex. Levels of TXNIP, NLRP3, interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2, and caspase were determined by Western blot or quantitative real-time PCR. After ST36 acupuncture, pain sensitivity, autonomous activity, sociability index, sociability preference index, and learning and memory were improved in the autism model rats. Levels of TXNIP, NLRP3, IL-1\u03b2, and caspase 1 were decreased after acupuncture. Interference with TXNIP alleviated the behavior disorders and inhibited NLRP3, caspase 1, and IL-1\u03b2 levels. In summary, ST36 acupuncture reduced TXNIP expression, inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and alleviated the behavior disorder related to the prefrontal cortex of the autistic rats. These results point to a potential mechanism for acupuncture-induced improvement of autistic behavioral disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlab132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T20:12:18Z","timestamp":1641931938000},"page":"127-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Acupuncture at ST36 Alleviates the Behavioral Disorder of Autistic Rats by Inhibiting TXNIP-Mediated Activation of NLRP3"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Pengju","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Children Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Henan, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongguang","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Engineering, Zhengzhou Health Vocational College , Zhengzhou, 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