{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:07:20Z","timestamp":1753877240266,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":47,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The novel properties and functions of nanomaterials have naturally alerted toxicologists to the fact that such materials may also have novel effects on the human body and other living organisms. In particular, materials with high stability or biopersistency have been shown to have a tendency to accumulate in the body, leading to chronic toxicity including carcinogenicity. However, in the early stages of toxicity research, the information is often limited to the effects of short-term exposure studies, and findings on chronic effects are very much delayed. In this context, it was exceptional that studies on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have started with the verification of their potential to induce mesothelioma. This toxicological endpoint was expected on the basis of existing knowledge of asbestos and asbestos-like fiber particles. This movement has led to the achievement of the original mission of \u201cmodern toxicology,\u201d which is \u201cto achieve a win-win situation where both industrial promotion and safety assurance are ensured by communicating and sharing toxicity information to developers and consumers at a stage before mass production and consumption begins, that is, before massive exposure of the general public begins.\u201d<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Inaccurate toxicity assessments of asbestos in the 1980s and 1990s allowed its spread to our living environment, which is difficult to decontaminate, and the damage continues to this day. However, the case described here could be an example of realizing the proposition that \u201cnanomaterials, the flagship of high technology, must not repeat the same mistakes.\u201d<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/joccuh\/uiaf013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T15:23:46Z","timestamp":1739805826000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Carcinogenicity assessment: \u201cmodern toxicology\u201d considerations from experience in the evaluation of a carbon nanotube"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5191-621X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Kanno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences , 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Nissan Tamagawa Hospital , 4-8-1 Seta, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-0095 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2, Onokawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Systems-Biology Institute , Saisei Ikedayama Bldg. 5-10-25 Higashi Gotanda Shinagawa, Tokyo 141-0022 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"suppl 5","key":"2025051302511689900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.97105s51253","article-title":"Dose-response relationship of fibrous dusts in intraperitoneal studies","volume":"105","author":"Roller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"volume-title":"Environmental Health Criteria","year":"1986","author":"World Health Organization","key":"2025051302511689900_ref2"},{"volume-title":"Environmental Health Criteria","year":"1998","author":"World Health Organization","key":"2025051302511689900_ref3"},{"volume-title":"IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risk Hum","year":"2002","author":"World Health Organization","key":"2025051302511689900_ref4"},{"issue":"suppl 5","key":"2025051302511689900_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.97105s51069","article-title":"Susceptibility of p53-deficient mice to induction of mesothelioma by crocidolite asbestos fibers","volume":"105","author":"Marsella","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025051302511689900_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/68.2.331","article-title":"Accelerated progression of asbestos-induced mesotheliomas in heterozygous p53+\/- mice","volume":"68","author":"Vaslet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025051302511689900_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349\u20137006.2012.02318.x","article-title":"Dose-dependent mesothelioma induction by intraperitoneal administration of multi-wall carbon nanotubes in p53 heterozygous mice","volume":"103","author":"Takagi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025051302511689900_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.33.105","article-title":"Induction of mesothelioma in p53+\/- mouse by intraperitoneal application of multi-wall carbon nanotube","volume":"33","author":"Takagi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Toxicol Sci"},{"issue":"suppl 5","key":"2025051302511689900_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.94102s5145","article-title":"Significance of durability of mineral fibers for their toxicity and carcinogenic potency in the abdominal cavity of rats in comparison with the low sensitivity of inhalation studies","volume":"102","author":"Pott","year":"1994","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025051302511689900_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2008.111","article-title":"Carbon nanotubes introduced into the abdominal cavity of mice show asbestos-like pathogenicity in a pilot study","volume":"3","author":"Poland","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Nanotechnol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025051302511689900_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-016-0164-2","article-title":"Lung carcinogenicity of inhaled multi-walled carbon nanotubes in rats","volume":"13","author":"Kasai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"volume-title":"Asbestos. 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