{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:36:05Z","timestamp":1787236565083,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":80,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Biomedical Research Centre"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100030827","name":"NHS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100030827","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000276","name":"Department of Health and Social Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000276","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant heterogeneity exists for the outcomes reported in research for pharmacist interventions in chronic kidney disease (CKD), limiting interpretation and increasing research waste. Currently, no intervention-specific core outcome set in nephrology exists. This study aimed to develop a core outcome set for pharmacist intervention research in CKD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study consisted of three phases: Phase 1) an international online survey and systematic review to long-list outcomes; Phase 2) an e-Delphi survey; and Phase 3) an online consensus workshop. In Phase 2, participants ranked these outcomes in terms of importance using the 9-point Likert scale over two rounds. We recruited a diverse range of pharmacists, researchers, other healthcare professionals, people living with CKD, and their family members\/carers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred-nine participants completed Phase 1, of whom 90\/109 (82.6%) were invited to Phase 2. Forty-two\/90 (46.7%) participants completed Round 1 of the e-Delphi and 30\/42 (71.4%) completed Round 2. Participants rated 65 outcomes identified from Phase 1. Following Phase 2, 25 outcomes reached the \u226575% threshold to form a provisional core outcome set. A final core outcome set comprising 23 outcomes was agreed and categorized into \u201cEssential\u201d (five outcomes) and \u201cImportant\u201d tiers (18 outcomes).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study established a core outcome set for pharmacy research in CKD, reflecting outcomes important to different stakeholder groups. The five \u201cessential\u201d outcomes (\u2018Health-related quality of life [HRQoL]\u201d, \u201cKidney function\u201d, \u201cMedication adherence\u201d, \u201cMedication error\u201d, and \u201cMedication use\u2019) should be consistently reported in all trials. This study addresses a gap in achieving consensus and improving the consistency of outcomes in pharmacy research in CKD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/joneph\/aajag005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T12:31:01Z","timestamp":1767702661000},"page":"799-809","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Developing a core outcome set for pharmacist interventions in chronic kidney disease: a Delphi study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Ashkon","family":"Ardavani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands (ARC-EM), Leicester Diabetes Centre, University of Leicester , Leicester ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ffion","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Reviews and Implementation Group (LRIG), Institute of Population Health, 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