{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T01:58:34Z","timestamp":1783562314250,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH050047-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH050047-20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32MH019908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32MH019908"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Lynda and Scott Canel Fund for Fragile X Research, The Fragile X Registry and Database Clinic Compensation"},{"name":"The National Fragile X Foundation"},{"name":"Rocky Foundation Program Support for Childhood Depression"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children and adolescents, who have less developed coping skills, are affected by natural disasters and other traumatic events differently than adults. Emotional and behavioral effects are particularly pronounced during a pandemic-related disaster, when support networks that typically promote healthy coping, such as friends, teachers, and family members, may be less available. Children and adolescents with fragile X syndrome (FXS), who are at increased risk for developing anxiety and depression, may be particularly vulnerable to behavioral or emotional difficulties during a pandemic. This study examined the mental health outcomes of school-aged girls with FXS during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated stay-at-home orders.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Participants included 47 school-aged girls with FXS and 33 age- and developmentally matched comparison girls. Associations between COVID-19 behavioral and emotional outcomes and prior academic, adaptive, behavioral, and emotional functioning as well as prior maternal mental health and characteristics of the mother\u2013child relationship were examined. Qualitative data from the parental report of emotional and behavioral responses to the pandemic were also obtained.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Results indicate that school-aged girls with FXS demonstrate a distinct profile of COVID-19 related associations compared to the comparison group, such that pandemic-related worries and emotional impact of pandemic restrictions were predicted by prior mental health factors for the comparison group but by prior social, behavioral, and relational factors for the FXS group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Findings provide insight into factors that may confer risk or resilience for youth with special needs, suggesting potential therapeutic targets and informing public health initiatives in response to the pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsab106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T20:13:50Z","timestamp":1633032830000},"page":"25-36","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["COVID-19 Pandemic: Mental Health in Girls With and Without Fragile X Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4259-2011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tracy L","family":"Jordan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6505-403X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristi L","family":"Bartholomay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8296-9362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cindy Hsin-Yu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas G","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy A","family":"Lightbody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan L","family":"Reiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32439","article-title":"Co-occurring conditions associated with FMR1 gene variations: Findings from a national parent survey","volume":"146A","author":"Bailey","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci9010011","article-title":"Closing the gender gap in fragile X syndrome: Review on females with FXS and preliminary research findings","volume":"9","author":"Bartholomay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B3","first-page":"79","article-title":"Higher executive control network coherence buffers against puberty-related increases in internalizing symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"6","author":"Chahal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.05.061","article-title":"Depression and anxiety among adolescents during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study","volume":"88","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain, Behavior, and Immunity"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-016-0691-4","article-title":"The role of parents, parenting and the family environment in children\u2019s post-disaster mental health","volume":"18","author":"Cobham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Current Psychiatry Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s11689-010-9067-y","article-title":"Clinical assessment of DSM-IV anxiety disorders in fragile X syndrome: Prevalence and characterization","volume":"3","author":"Cordeiro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.06.029","article-title":"An investigation of mental health status of children and adolescents in China during the outbreak of COVID-19","volume":"275","author":"Duan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B8","first-page":"119","author":"Fiese","year":"2007"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32496","article-title":"Psychiatric disorders among women with the\u2009fragile X premutation without children affected by fragile X syndrome","volume":"171","author":"Gossett","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics : The Official Publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B10","author":"Hitchcock","year":"2010"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B11","author":"Hong","year":"2019"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.5.545","article-title":"Psychopathology among New York City Public School children 6 months after September 11","volume":"62","author":"Hoven","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.03.013","article-title":"Behavioral and emotional disorders in children during the COVID-19 epidemic","volume":"221","author":"Jiao","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15169","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic: The impact on vulnerable children and young people in Australia","volume":"56","author":"Jones","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2010.01.009","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of anxiety disordered youth","volume":"24","author":"Kendall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-02183","article-title":"Estrogen replacement in turner syndrome: Literature review and practical considerations","volume":"103","author":"Klein","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199703000-00013","article-title":"Israeli preschool children under scuds: A 30-month follow-up","volume":"36","author":"Laor","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B18","author":"Lazarus","year":"2003"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.10.008","article-title":"The prevalence of behavioral problems among school-aged children in home quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic in China","volume":"279","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.17.4.646","article-title":"Effect of the fragile X status categories and the fragile X mental retardation protein levels on executive functioning in males and females with fragile X","volume":"17","author":"Loesch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470939406.ch20","volume-title":"Developmental Psychopathology","author":"Luthar","year":"2015"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2020.101845","article-title":"How is COVID-19 pandemic impacting mental health of children and adolescents?","volume":"51","author":"Marques de Miranda","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-02282-130109","article-title":"Disaster preparation and recovery: Lessons from research on resilience in human development","volume":"13","author":"Masten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ecology and Society"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-021-05105-6","article-title":"Empathy and anxietyin young girls with fragile X syndrome","author":"Miller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Developmental Disorders"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","author":"Nikolaidis","year":"2021","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-87270-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.30773\/pi.2019.0181","article-title":"The moderating effect of sleep disturbance on the association of stress with impulsivity and depressed mood","volume":"17","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investigation"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.3.530","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions among children and adolescents after the 1999 earthquake in Ano Liosia, Greece","volume":"162","author":"Roussos","year":"2005","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","author":"Scho\ufb01eld","year":"2013","DOI":"10.1111\/cfs.12034"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-020-00343-7","article-title":"Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: Experts\u2019 consensus statement","volume":"16","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113429","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations","volume":"293","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2013.22","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder in parents and youth after health-related disasters","volume":"7","author":"Sprang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022020822272698700_jsab106-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30095-X","article-title":"School closure and management practices during coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19: A rapid systematic review","volume":"4","author":"Viner","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet, Child & Adolescent Health"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpepsy\/article-pdf\/47\/1\/25\/42378866\/jsab106.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpepsy\/article-pdf\/47\/1\/25\/42378866\/jsab106.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T22:27:54Z","timestamp":1644359274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpepsy\/article\/47\/1\/25\/6410788"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsab106","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-8693","1465-735X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-8693","type":"print"},{"value":"1465-735X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]}}}