{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T23:11:35Z","timestamp":1784329895966,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To develop a reliable and valid short form of the State Anxiety Subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-CH) in the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A Development Sample of 842 10-year-old TEDDY children completed the STAI-CH State Subscale about their type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk. The best 6 items (three anxiety-present and three anxiety-absent) for use in a short form (SAI-CH-6) were identified via item-total correlations. SAI-CH-6 reliability was examined in a Validation Sample (n\u2009=\u2009257) of children who completed the full 20-item STAI-CH State Subscale and then again in an Application Sample (n\u2009=\u20092,710) who completed only the SAI-CH-6. Expected associations between the children\u2019s SAI-CH-6 scores and country of residence, sex, T1D family history, accuracy of T1D risk perception, worry about getting T1D, and their parents\u2019 anxiety scores were examined.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The SAI-CH-6 was reliable (\u03b1\u2009=\u20090.81\u20130.87) and highly correlated with the full 20-item STAI-CH State Subscale (Development Sample: r\u2009=\u20090.94; Validation Sample: r\u2009=\u20090.92). SAI-CH-6 scores detected significant differences in state anxiety symptoms associated with T1D risk by country, T1D family history, accuracy of T1D risk perception, and worry about getting T1D and were correlated with the child\u2019s parent\u2019s anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The SAI-CH-6 appears useful for assessing children\u2019s state anxiety symptoms when burden and time limitations prohibit the use of the STAI-CH. The utility of the SAI-CH-6 in older children with and without chronic conditions needs to be assessed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsad057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T17:21:01Z","timestamp":1694539261000},"page":"861-869","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["SAI-CH-6: Development of a Short Form of the State Anxiety Inventory for Children At-Risk for Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3006-4633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberly A","family":"Driscoll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Melin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristian F","family":"Lynch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Florida, Health Informatics Institute , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura B","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne Bennett","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2023102019105992600_jsad057-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0428","article-title":"Diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in Colorado children, 2010-2017","volume":"43","author":"Alonso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023102019105992600_jsad057-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1177\/010740831103100110","article-title":"Measurement of children's anxiety during examination or treatment in hospital - A study evaluating the short-STAI Vard i Norden","volume":"31","author":"Apell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nordic Journal of Nursing Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023102019105992600_jsad057-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2012.03.009","article-title":"Differences in recruitment and early retention among ethnic minority participants in a large pediatric cohort: The TEDDY Study","volume":"33","author":"Baxter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Contemporary Clinical Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023102019105992600_jsad057-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1177\/13674935211013697","article-title":"Theoretical and contextual considerations for self-management strategies of children and adolescents with chronic disease: An integrative review","volume":"26","author":"Camp-Spivey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Child Health Care"},{"issue":"6pt2","key":"2023102019105992600_jsad057-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13520","article-title":"The Blood Donor Anxiety Scale: A six-item state anxiety measure based on the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory","volume":"56","author":"Chell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023102019105992600_jsad057-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/jspn.12030","article-title":"Exploring influencing factors of postoperative pain in school-age children undergoing elective surgery","volume":"18","author":"Chieng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023102019105992600_jsad057-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1891\/jnum.11.3.283.61269","article-title":"Development of a shortened state anxiety scale from the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for patients receiving mechanical ventilatory support","volume":"11","author":"Chlan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Nursing Measurement"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023102019105992600_jsad057-B8","first-page":"105","article-title":"Quality of life and psychological screening in children with type 1 diabetes and their mothers","volume":"124","author":"Duru","year":"2016","journal-title":"Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2023102019105992600_jsad057-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-S002","article-title":"2. 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