{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T22:45:20Z","timestamp":1789253120782,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis (BKV-HC) is a serious complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective review was performed to determine the frequency of BKV-HC and identify risk factors and renal morbidity associated with BKV-HC in pediatric HSCT recipients at our institution.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 314 pediatric recipients underwent allogeneic HSCT for either malignant (173, 55.1%) or nonmalignant disorders (141, 44.9%) from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2015, with a minimum follow-up of 5 years post-HSCT. Severe BKV-HC (grades 3 and 4) was prevalent in 46 out of 67 (68.7%) recipients. Timing to presentation of severe BKV-HC (grades 3 and 4) occurred at a median of 37 days (26, 74; IQ1, IQ3) post-HSCT, with the duration of macroscopic hematuria lasting a median of 37.5 days (18, 71; IQ1, IQ3). In the first 60 days post-HSCT, peak acute kidney injury (AKI) stages 2 and 3 were seen more frequently in HSCT recipients who developed BKV-HC than those without (P = .004). Similarly, during post-HSCT days 61 to 100, peak AKI stage 3 was also more frequently seen in HSCT recipients who already developed BKV-HC prior to or during this time period than those without BKV-HC (P = .0002). Recipients who developed BKV-HC within 1 year of HSCT had more frequent mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD stages 2-3) than those without BKV-HC (P = .002 and .007, respectively). On multivariate analysis, BKV-HC was associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.22; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35-3.65). The following clinical variables were associated with time to development of HC on multivariate analysis: age (subdistribution HR [sHR] 1.11; 95% CI: 1.06-1.16) and myeloabalative conditioning regimen (sHR 4.2; 95% CI: 2.12-8.34).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pediatric HSCT patients with BKV-HC experience significant morbidity and mortality. Renal morbidity, including AKI and CKD, is associated with BKV-HC.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piaa147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T04:14:48Z","timestamp":1605154488000},"page":"492-501","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["BK Virus Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Clinical Outcomes: An Analysis of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients at Texas Children\u2019s Hospital"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ruderfer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengfen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Shared Resource, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1957-7160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Shared Resource, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poyyapakkam R","family":"Srivaths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A","family":"Krance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Bone Marrow\/Stem Cell Transplant Program, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swati","family":"Naik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Bone Marrow\/Stem Cell Transplant Program, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire E","family":"Bocchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021043017512997000_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705886","article-title":"Polyomavirus BK infection in blood and marrow transplant recipients","volume":"41","author":"Dropulic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2021043017512997000_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2013.09.009","article-title":"BK and JC virus: a review","volume":"68","author":"Pinto","year":"2014","journal-title":"J 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