{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T15:48:11Z","timestamp":1784735291055,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Biomarker, Imaging and Quality of Life Studies Funding Program","award":["HHSN261200800001E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN261200800001E"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017012","name":"Children's Oncology Group","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U10CA 180886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U10CA 180886"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017012","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017012","name":"Children's Oncology Group","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U10CA 180899"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U10CA 180899"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017012","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017012","name":"Children's Oncology Group","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UG1CA 189955"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG1CA 189955"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017012","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients receiving chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are at high risk for invasive fungal disease (IFD). Diagnosis of IFD is challenging, leading to interest in fungal biomarkers. The objective was to define the utility of surveillance testing with Platelia Aspergillus galactomannan (GM) enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and Fungitell \u03b2-d-glucan (BDG) assay in children with AML receiving antifungal prophylaxis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twice-weekly surveillance blood testing with GM EIA and BDG assay was performed during periods of neutropenia in the context of a randomized trial of children, adolescents, and young adults with AML allocated to fluconazole or caspofungin prophylaxis. Proven or probable IFD was adjudicated using blinded central reviewers. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for Platelia and Fungitell assays alone and in combination for the outcomes of proven and probable invasive aspergillosis (IA) or invasive candidiasis (IC).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among 471 patients enrolled, 425 participants (209 fluconazole and 216 caspofungin) contributed \u22651 blood specimen. In total, 6103 specimens were evaluated, with a median of 15 specimens per patient (range 1\u201343). The NPV was &amp;gt;99% for GM EIA and BDG assay alone and in combination. However, there were no true positive results, resulting in sensitivity and PPV for each assay of 0%.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The GM EIA and the BDG assay alone or in combination were not successful at detecting IA or IC during periods of neutropenia in children, adolescents, and young adults with AML receiving antifungal prophylaxis. Utilization of these assays for surveillance in this clinical setting should be discouraged.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piab036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T19:12:32Z","timestamp":1619809952000},"page":"864-871","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Prospective Evaluation of Galactomannan and (1\u21923) \u03b2-<scp>d<\/scp>-Glucan Assays as Diagnostic Tools for Invasive Fungal Disease in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Fungal Prophylaxis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Brian T","family":"Fisher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted","family":"Westling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig L K","family":"Boge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theoklis E","family":"Zaoutis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher C","family":"Dvorak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Nieder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle M","family":"Zerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R","family":"Wingard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doojduen","family":"Villaluna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Monrovia, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J","family":"Esbenshade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Haematology Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suphansa","family":"Gunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miravista Diagnostics, LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence J","family":"Wheat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miravista Diagnostics, LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillian","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Haematology Oncology, The Hospital for Sick 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