{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T03:28:55Z","timestamp":1792639735460,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":162,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common life-shortening genetic diseases in Caucasians. Due to abnormal accumulation of mucus, respiratory failure caused by chronic infections is the leading cause of mortality in this patient population. The microbiology of these respiratory infections includes a distinct set of opportunistic pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia spp., Achromobacter spp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, anaerobes, nontuberculous mycobacteria, and fungi. In recent years, culture-independent methods have shown the polymicrobial nature of lung infections, and the dynamics of microbial communities. The unique environment of the CF airway predisposes to infections caused by opportunistic pathogens. In this review, we will highlight how the epidemiology and role in disease of these pathogens in CF differ from that in individuals with other medical conditions. Infectious diseases (ID) physicians should be aware of these differences and the specific characteristics of infections associated with CF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piac052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T13:30:56Z","timestamp":1661347856000},"page":"S3-S12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Opportunistic Pathogens in Cystic Fibrosis: Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Lung Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ana C","family":"Blanchard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, CHU Sainte-Justine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al , 3175 Chemin de la C\u00f4te-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec , H3T 1C5 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie J","family":"Waters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto , 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario , M5G 1X8 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022092409375822400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32542-3","article-title":"Cystic fibrosis.","volume":"397","author":"Shteinberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022092409375822400_CIT0002","author":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation."},{"key":"2022092409375822400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-007-8039-9","article-title":"Chronic inflammation in the cystic fibrosis lung: alterations in inter- and intracellular signaling","volume":"34","author":"Nichols","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy 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