{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T01:28:42Z","timestamp":1743470922712,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,14]],"date-time":"2022-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Variability exists in treatment duration for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and urinary tract infection (UTI) in children and may be associated with non-clinical factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective study was conducted of patients treated for outpatient CAP and UTI in a children\u2019s hospital network from 2016 to 2019. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of long antibiotic duration (\u226510 days). Hospitalization within 30 days was determined.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overall, 2124 prescriptions for CAP and 1116 prescriptions for UTI were included. Prescriptions were \u226510 days in 59.9% and 47.6% for CAP and UTI, respectively. Long durations were more common in the emergency department (ED) than in clinics for UTI\u2019s (P = .0082), and more common in convenient care for CAP (P = .045). In UTI\u2019s, Asian and Hispanic patients received shorter durations than white patients. Younger children had greater odds of long duration for both diagnoses. Medicaid insurance was associated with long therapy for UTI (OR: 1.660, P = .0042) and CAP (OR: 1.426, P = .0169). Residents and fellows were less likely to give long durations than attending physicians (P &amp;lt; .0001). APNs were more likely to administer long therapies in CAP (P = .0062). Subsequent hospitalizations were uncommon for UTI (n = 10) and CAP (n = 20).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Younger age, Medicaid insurance, ED, and convenient care visits were associated with a long duration of therapy. Residents and fellows were less likely to give long durations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piac083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,14]],"date-time":"2022-08-14T07:47:47Z","timestamp":1660463267000},"page":"543-549","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Drivers of Prolonged Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Urinary Tract Infections and Community-Acquired Pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Rohan M","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Division of Infectious Diseases , Chicago, Illinois , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Division of Infectious Diseases , Chicago, Illinois , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Shteynberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Division of Infectious Diseases , Chicago, Illinois , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tonya","family":"Scardina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Division of Infectious Diseases , Chicago, Illinois , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2421-2852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grant","family":"Whitmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago, Illinois , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sameer J","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Division of Infectious Diseases , Chicago, Illinois , USA"},{"name":"Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago, Illinois , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,14]]},"reference":[{"year":"2017","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Measuring Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing","key":"2022122811311694200_CIT0001"},{"author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","key":"2022122811311694200_CIT0002"},{"key":"2022122811311694200_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e663","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1404","article-title":"Duration of outpatient antibiotic therapy for common outpatient infections, 2017","volume":"72","author":"King","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"author":"Centers for Disease Control and 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of antibiotic duration with successful treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children","volume":"10","author":"Same","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc"},{"key":"2022122811311694200_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.6735","article-title":"Short-course antimicrobial therapy for pediatric community-acquired pneumonia: The SAFER Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"175","author":"Pernica","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"2022122811311694200_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20163026","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-3026","article-title":"Reaffirmation of AAP clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis and management of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children 2-24 months of age","volume":"138","author":"Subcommittee on Urinary Tract 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