{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:10:03Z","timestamp":1790662203575,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 AI106688"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 AI106688"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel (BFPP), a multiplex PCR panel for the diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections, has been proposed as a tool for antimicrobial stewardship. Few studies evaluate real-world implementation of the BFPP and no studies focus exclusively on children. Our institution implemented BFPP testing without restrictions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study in children hospitalized at St. Louis Children\u2019s Hospital to (1) characterize the use of the BFPP in pediatric patients and (2) assess how results impacted antibiotic use. We included all BFPP tests obtained during the first year after the introduction of the test, September 2021 through August 2022. The primary outcome was change in antibiotic therapy within 24 hours of results, which was compared to the potential change in antibiotic therapy determined by two infectious diseases clinicians.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>One hundred sixty-nine tests from 126 patients were included. Nine patients were immunocompromised and 19 had chronic tracheostomy. The majority of tests were sent from tracheal aspirate specimens (92%) and from patients in an intensive care unit (94%). Only 51% of tests were obtained due to respiratory failure or suspected pneumonia. For 80% of test results, there was potential to change antibiotics, but change occurred in only 46% of tests in practice. Antibiotic escalation was more common (26%) than de-escalation (15%) or discontinuation (4.1%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a cohort of pediatric patients tested with the BFPP, the majority of tests were sent from tracheal aspirates and less than half of tests were associated with a change in antibiotics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piae014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T08:39:03Z","timestamp":1707467943000},"page":"196-202","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Practice Versus Potential: The Impact of the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel on Antibiotic Use in Children"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6353-9439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander S","family":"Plattner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO , USA"},{"name":"Institute for Informatics, Data Science, and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine R","family":"Lockowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, St. Louis Children\u2019s Hospital, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3139-3153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebekah","family":"Dumm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritu","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, TN , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason G","family":"Newland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0337-1168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca G","family":"Same","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia, PA , USA"},{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1405870","article-title":"Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U.S. children","volume":"372","author":"Jain","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1086\/673982","article-title":"Identifying targets for antimicrobial stewardship in children\u2019s hospitals","volume":"34","author":"Gerber","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0003"},{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00343","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00343-20","article-title":"Evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray pneumonia panel for detection of viral and bacterial pathogens in lower respiratory tract specimens in the setting of a tertiary care academic medical center","volume":"58","author":"Webber","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-021-04195-5","article-title":"Multinational evaluation of the BioFire(R) FilmArray(R) Pneumonia plus Panel as compared to standard of care testing","volume":"40","author":"Ginocchio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00128","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00128-20","article-title":"Multicenter evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray pneumonia\/pneumonia plus panel for detection and quantification of agents of lower respiratory tract infection","volume":"58","author":"Murphy","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00135","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00135-20","article-title":"Practical comparison of the BioFire FilmArray pneumonia panel to routine diagnostic methods and potential impact on antimicrobial stewardship in adult hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infections","volume":"58","author":"Buchan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.01.004","article-title":"Evaluation of a multiplex PCR panel for the microbiological diagnosis of pneumonia in hospitalized patients: experience from an academic medical center","volume":"104","author":"Zacharioudakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0009","first-page":"e21716","article-title":"Evaluation of the potential impact of a multiplex rapid diagnostic panel in critically ill patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia","volume":"14","author":"Erich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5","DOI":"10.1017\/ash.2022.358","article-title":"Clinical impact of a multiplex rapid diagnostic pneumonia panel in critically ill patients","volume":"3","author":"Esplund","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2021.1985732","article-title":"High rate of bacterial respiratory tract co-infections upon admission amongst moderate to severe COVID-19 patients","volume":"54","author":"Cohen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Lond)"},{"key":"2024031912134832200_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9122483","article-title":"High rates of bacterial pulmonary co-infections and superinfections identified by 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