{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T22:39:24Z","timestamp":1784932764817,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1AI068632"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1AI068632"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1AI068616"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1AI068616"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1AI106716"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1AI106716"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"NICHD","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN275201800001I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN275201800001I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is known to improve child survival and growth in children living with HIV (CLHIV). We investigated growth outcomes in children with severe nonedematous acute malnutrition (SAM) and without SAM (mild malnutrition and normal nutrition) after initiation of ART in both groups and nutritional support.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>IMPAACT P1092 enrolled CLHIV aged 6 to &amp;lt;36 months with World Health Organization (WHO)-defined SAM or without SAM across 5 sites in Sub-Saharan Africa and followed them for 48 weeks. The enrollment was conducted in four countries: Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zimbabwe between October 2015 and September 2017. Weight, height, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were measured at baseline through 48 weeks. WHO weight-for-length\/height Z-scores (WFL\/H Z-score) were calculated. SAM children received readily available therapeutic food per WHO guidelines. All participants were initiated on a triple-ART regimen. SAM children entered the study after initial nutritional rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fifty-two CLHIV, 25 in the SAM cohort and 27 in the without SAM cohort, were enrolled. WFL\/H Z-scores and MUAC in the SAM cohort increased significantly at weeks 24 and 48 [WFL\/H Z-scores: mean change (95% CI) 2.34 (1.77, 2.91) and 2.73 (2.09, 3.37), both P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001; MUAC: mean change (95% CI) 2.63 (1.98, 3.28) and 3.53 (2.83, 4.24) cm, P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001]. At week 48, mean SAM height was 4 cm shorter and mean weight 1 kg lighter than without SAM [post hoc mean differences \u22124.11 (95% CI \u22128.60, 0.38) cm and \u22120.92 (95% CI \u22122.22, 0.39) kg].<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CLHIV with SAM who undergo WHO nutritional rehabilitation can achieve significant growth and WFL\/H Z-score improvements but continued intensive anthropometric monitoring is needed as SAM may still be behind those without SAM.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piae053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T12:06:04Z","timestamp":1716984364000},"page":"387-395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy and Nutritional Rehabilitation on Growth in Children Aged 6\u201336 Months with Severe Acute Malnutrition in IMPAACT Protocol P1092"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5550-1916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blandina Theophil","family":"Mmbaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Paediatric and Child health Department and Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Faculty of Medicine , Moshi ,","place":["Tanzania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6242-9863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James Samwel","family":"Ngocho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Paediatric and Child health Department and Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Faculty of Medicine , Moshi ,","place":["Tanzania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camlin","family":"Tierney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Center for Biostatistics in AIDS research, Department of Biostatistics , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Ziemba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Center for Biostatistics in AIDS research, Department of Biostatistics , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Reding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Science Foundation , Amherst, New York ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Bone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Science Foundation , Amherst, New York ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Bradford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FHI 360 , Durham, North Carolina ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Costello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMPAACT Laboratory Center, University of California , Los Angeles, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renee","family":"Browning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Moye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Disease Branch , Bethesda, Maryland ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tichaona","family":"Vhembo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zimbabwe Clinical Trials Research Centre , Harare ,","place":["Zimbabwe"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Mambiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine-Johns Hopkins Research Project , Blantyre ,","place":["Malawi"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esnath","family":"Msowoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina Project Malawi and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology\u2019s Division of Global Women\u2019s Health , Chapel Hill, North Carolina ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxensia","family":"Owor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Makerere University Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration and Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippa","family":"Musoke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Makerere University Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration and Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University , Kampala 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